Retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Mohamed F El-Bab1, Nashaat Shawky2, Ali Al-Sisi3, Mohamed Akhtar31Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Faculty of Medicine, El-Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt; 3Department of Opht...

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Autores principales:	Al-Sisi A, Shawky N, El-Bab MF, Akhtar M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/13bc7584b0aa43d4bd632271f9ef8545
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:13bc7584b0aa43d4bd632271f9ef85452021-12-02T00:59:28ZRetinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia1177-54671177-5483https://doaj.org/article/13bc7584b0aa43d4bd632271f9ef85452012-02-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/retinopathy-and-risk-factors-in-diabetic-patients-from-al-madinah-al-m-a9287https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Mohamed F El-Bab1, Nashaat Shawky2, Ali Al-Sisi3, Mohamed Akhtar31Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Faculty of Medicine, El-Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Ohud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaBackground: Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by chronic and dangerous microvascular changes affecting most body systems, especially the eye, leading to diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy without appropriate management is emerging as one of the leading causes of blindness. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy, reduce the risk of blindness, and identify relevant risk factors.Methods: This descriptive study was designed to estimate the prevalence of retinopathy and its staging in diabetic patients attending the diabetes clinic at King Fahd Hospital in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from 2008 to 2010. Patients completed a questionnaire, underwent a full medical assessment carried out by the treating clinicians, and were examined for evidence of diabetic retinopathy using standard ophthalmic outpatient instruments.Results: In total, 690 randomly selected diabetic patients of mean age 46.10 &plusmn; 11.85 (range 16&ndash;88) years were included, comprising 395 men (57.2%) of mean age 46.50 &plusmn; 11.31 years and 295 women (42.8%) of mean age 45.55 &plusmn; 12.53 years. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 11.91 &plusmn; 7.92 years in the women and 14.42 &plusmn; 8.20 years in the men, and the mean total duration of known diabetes mellitus was 13.35 &plusmn; 8.17 years. Glycated hemoglobin was higher in men (8.53% &plusmn; 1.81%) than in women (7.73% &plusmn; 1.84%), and this difference was statistically significant (P &le; 0.0001). Of the 690 diabetic patients, 249 (36.1%) had retinopathy. Mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy was present in 13.6% of patients, being of moderate grade in 8% and of severe grade in 8.1%. A further 6.4% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Conclusion: Regular screening to detect diabetic retinopathy is strongly recommended because early detection has the best chance of preventing retinal complications.Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, diabetes complications, risk factorsAl-Sisi AShawky NEl-Bab MFAkhtar MDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 269-276 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Al-Sisi A Shawky N El-Bab MF Akhtar M Retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
description	Mohamed F El-Bab1, Nashaat Shawky2, Ali Al-Sisi3, Mohamed Akhtar31Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Faculty of Medicine, El-Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Ohud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaBackground: Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by chronic and dangerous microvascular changes affecting most body systems, especially the eye, leading to diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy without appropriate management is emerging as one of the leading causes of blindness. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy, reduce the risk of blindness, and identify relevant risk factors.Methods: This descriptive study was designed to estimate the prevalence of retinopathy and its staging in diabetic patients attending the diabetes clinic at King Fahd Hospital in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from 2008 to 2010. Patients completed a questionnaire, underwent a full medical assessment carried out by the treating clinicians, and were examined for evidence of diabetic retinopathy using standard ophthalmic outpatient instruments.Results: In total, 690 randomly selected diabetic patients of mean age 46.10 &plusmn; 11.85 (range 16&ndash;88) years were included, comprising 395 men (57.2%) of mean age 46.50 &plusmn; 11.31 years and 295 women (42.8%) of mean age 45.55 &plusmn; 12.53 years. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 11.91 &plusmn; 7.92 years in the women and 14.42 &plusmn; 8.20 years in the men, and the mean total duration of known diabetes mellitus was 13.35 &plusmn; 8.17 years. Glycated hemoglobin was higher in men (8.53% &plusmn; 1.81%) than in women (7.73% &plusmn; 1.84%), and this difference was statistically significant (P &le; 0.0001). Of the 690 diabetic patients, 249 (36.1%) had retinopathy. Mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy was present in 13.6% of patients, being of moderate grade in 8% and of severe grade in 8.1%. A further 6.4% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Conclusion: Regular screening to detect diabetic retinopathy is strongly recommended because early detection has the best chance of preventing retinal complications.Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, diabetes complications, risk factors
format	article
author	Al-Sisi A Shawky N El-Bab MF Akhtar M
author_facet	Al-Sisi A Shawky N El-Bab MF Akhtar M
author_sort	Al-Sisi A
title	Retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_short	Retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_full	Retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr	Retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed	Retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_sort	retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from al-madinah al-munawarah in the kingdom of saudi arabia
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/13bc7584b0aa43d4bd632271f9ef8545
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Retinopathy and risk factors in diabetic patients from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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