Potential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model

Shaheer Hasan Khan,1,* Hina Younus,1,* Khaled S Allemailem,2 Ahmad Almatroudi,2 Faris Alrumaihi,2 Abdulmohsen M Alruwetei,2 Mohammed A Alsahli,2 Arif Khan,3 Masood Alam Khan3 1Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; 2Department of Medical Laboratories,...

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Autores principales:	Khan SH, Younus H, Allemailem KS, Almatroudi A, Alrumaihi F, Alruwetei AM, Alsahli MA, Khan A, Khan MA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	chitosan nanoparticles fluconazole-resistant systemic candidiasis methylglyoxal Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/13f74ce1faf047cea3d13ab1c2b4a0ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:13f74ce1faf047cea3d13ab1c2b4a0ef2021-12-02T09:33:55ZPotential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/13f74ce1faf047cea3d13ab1c2b4a0ef2020-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/potential-of-methylglyoxal-conjugated-chitosan-nanoparticles-in-treatm-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Shaheer Hasan Khan,1,* Hina Younus,1,* Khaled S Allemailem,2 Ahmad Almatroudi,2 Faris Alrumaihi,2 Abdulmohsen M Alruwetei,2 Mohammed A Alsahli,2 Arif Khan,3 Masood Alam Khan3 1Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; 2Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Masood Alam KhanDepartment of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, KSA 51452 Tel +966-507059437Fax +966-63801628Email a_khan@qu.edu.saBackground: Fungal infections are becoming more prevalent and threatening because of the continuous emergence of azole-resistant fungal infections. The present study was aimed to assess the activity of free Methylglyoxal (MG) or MG-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles (MGCN) against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans.Materials and Methods: A novel formulation of MGCN was prepared and characterized to determine their size, shape and polydispersity index. Moreover, the efficacy of fluconazole or MG or MGCN was determined against intracellular C. albicans in macrophages and the systematic candidiasis in a murine model. The safety of MG or MGCN was tested in mice by analyzing the levels of hepatic and renal toxicity parameters.Results: Candida albicans did not respond to fluconazole, even at the highest dose of 20 mg/kg, whereas MG and MGCN effectively eliminated C. albicans from the macrophages and infected mice. Mice in the group treated with MGCN at a dose of 10 mg/kg exhibited a 90% survival rate and showed the lowest fungal load in the kidney, whereas the mice treated with free MG at the same dose exhibited 50% survival rate. Moreover, the administration of MG or MGCN did not induce any liver and kidney toxicity in the treated mice.Conclusion: The findings of the present work suggest that MGCN may be proved a promising therapeutic formulation to treat azole-resistant C. albicans infections.Keywords: chitosan nanoparticles, fluconazole-resistant, systemic Candidiasis, methylglyoxalKhan SHYounus HAllemailem KSAlmatroudi AAlrumaihi FAlruwetei AMAlsahli MAKhan AKhan MADove Medical Pressarticlechitosan nanoparticlesfluconazole-resistantsystemic candidiasismethylglyoxalMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 15, Pp 3681-3693 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chitosan nanoparticles fluconazole-resistant systemic candidiasis methylglyoxal Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	chitosan nanoparticles fluconazole-resistant systemic candidiasis methylglyoxal Medicine (General) R5-920 Khan SH Younus H Allemailem KS Almatroudi A Alrumaihi F Alruwetei AM Alsahli MA Khan A Khan MA Potential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model
description	Shaheer Hasan Khan,1,* Hina Younus,1,* Khaled S Allemailem,2 Ahmad Almatroudi,2 Faris Alrumaihi,2 Abdulmohsen M Alruwetei,2 Mohammed A Alsahli,2 Arif Khan,3 Masood Alam Khan3 1Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; 2Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Masood Alam KhanDepartment of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, KSA 51452 Tel +966-507059437Fax +966-63801628Email a_khan@qu.edu.saBackground: Fungal infections are becoming more prevalent and threatening because of the continuous emergence of azole-resistant fungal infections. The present study was aimed to assess the activity of free Methylglyoxal (MG) or MG-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles (MGCN) against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans.Materials and Methods: A novel formulation of MGCN was prepared and characterized to determine their size, shape and polydispersity index. Moreover, the efficacy of fluconazole or MG or MGCN was determined against intracellular C. albicans in macrophages and the systematic candidiasis in a murine model. The safety of MG or MGCN was tested in mice by analyzing the levels of hepatic and renal toxicity parameters.Results: Candida albicans did not respond to fluconazole, even at the highest dose of 20 mg/kg, whereas MG and MGCN effectively eliminated C. albicans from the macrophages and infected mice. Mice in the group treated with MGCN at a dose of 10 mg/kg exhibited a 90% survival rate and showed the lowest fungal load in the kidney, whereas the mice treated with free MG at the same dose exhibited 50% survival rate. Moreover, the administration of MG or MGCN did not induce any liver and kidney toxicity in the treated mice.Conclusion: The findings of the present work suggest that MGCN may be proved a promising therapeutic formulation to treat azole-resistant C. albicans infections.Keywords: chitosan nanoparticles, fluconazole-resistant, systemic Candidiasis, methylglyoxal
format	article
author	Khan SH Younus H Allemailem KS Almatroudi A Alrumaihi F Alruwetei AM Alsahli MA Khan A Khan MA
author_facet	Khan SH Younus H Allemailem KS Almatroudi A Alrumaihi F Alruwetei AM Alsahli MA Khan A Khan MA
author_sort	Khan SH
title	Potential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model
title_short	Potential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model
title_full	Potential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model
title_fullStr	Potential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model
title_full_unstemmed	Potential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model
title_sort	potential of methylglyoxal-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles in treatment of fluconazole-resistant candida albicans infection in a murine model
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/13f74ce1faf047cea3d13ab1c2b4a0ef
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Potential of Methylglyoxal-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Infection in a Murine Model

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