Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63

Abstract Currently, infections with SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Older adults subjects > 60 years of age account for > 95% of the over one million fatal cases reported to date....

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Autores principales:	Giulietta Saletti, Thomas Gerlach, Janina M. Jansen, Antonia Molle, Husni Elbahesh, Martin Ludlow, Wentao Li, Berend-Jan Bosch, Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan
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Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/14096393e0f547299e16956eec9932db
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:14096393e0f547299e16956eec9932db2021-12-02T16:18:06ZOlder adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL6310.1038/s41598-020-78506-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/14096393e0f547299e16956eec9932db2020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78506-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Currently, infections with SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Older adults subjects > 60 years of age account for > 95% of the over one million fatal cases reported to date. It is unclear why in this age group SARS-CoV-2 infection causes more severe disease than in young adults. We hypothesized that differences in SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive cellular immunity induced after infection with human coronaviruses (HCoVs), like OC43 and NL63, were at the basis of the differential mortality (and morbidity) observed after SARS-CoV-2 infection, because a small proportion of HCoV-specific T cells cross-react with SARS-CoV-2. Our data demonstrate that pre-existing T cell immunity induced by circulating human alpha- and beta-HCoVs is present in young adult individuals, but virtually absent in older adult subjects. Consequently, the frequency of cross-reactive T cells directed to the novel pandemic SARS-CoV-2 was minimal in most older adults. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the presence of cross-reactive T cells to SARS-CoV-2 is compared in young and older adults. Our findings provide at least a partial explanation for the more severe clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in the elderly. Moreover, this information could help to design efficacious vaccines for this age group, aiming at the induction of cell-mediated immunity.Giulietta SalettiThomas GerlachJanina M. JansenAntonia MolleHusni ElbaheshMartin LudlowWentao LiBerend-Jan BoschAlbert D. M. E. OsterhausGuus F. RimmelzwaanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Giulietta Saletti Thomas Gerlach Janina M. Jansen Antonia Molle Husni Elbahesh Martin Ludlow Wentao Li Berend-Jan Bosch Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus Guus F. Rimmelzwaan Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63
description	Abstract Currently, infections with SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Older adults subjects > 60 years of age account for > 95% of the over one million fatal cases reported to date. It is unclear why in this age group SARS-CoV-2 infection causes more severe disease than in young adults. We hypothesized that differences in SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive cellular immunity induced after infection with human coronaviruses (HCoVs), like OC43 and NL63, were at the basis of the differential mortality (and morbidity) observed after SARS-CoV-2 infection, because a small proportion of HCoV-specific T cells cross-react with SARS-CoV-2. Our data demonstrate that pre-existing T cell immunity induced by circulating human alpha- and beta-HCoVs is present in young adult individuals, but virtually absent in older adult subjects. Consequently, the frequency of cross-reactive T cells directed to the novel pandemic SARS-CoV-2 was minimal in most older adults. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the presence of cross-reactive T cells to SARS-CoV-2 is compared in young and older adults. Our findings provide at least a partial explanation for the more severe clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in the elderly. Moreover, this information could help to design efficacious vaccines for this age group, aiming at the induction of cell-mediated immunity.
format	article
author	Giulietta Saletti Thomas Gerlach Janina M. Jansen Antonia Molle Husni Elbahesh Martin Ludlow Wentao Li Berend-Jan Bosch Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus Guus F. Rimmelzwaan
author_facet	Giulietta Saletti Thomas Gerlach Janina M. Jansen Antonia Molle Husni Elbahesh Martin Ludlow Wentao Li Berend-Jan Bosch Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus Guus F. Rimmelzwaan
author_sort	Giulietta Saletti
title	Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63
title_short	Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63
title_full	Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63
title_fullStr	Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63
title_full_unstemmed	Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63
title_sort	older adults lack sars cov-2 cross-reactive t lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses oc43 and nl63
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/14096393e0f547299e16956eec9932db
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Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63

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