Frequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City

Jaime D Martinez,1 Anat Galor,2,3 Nallely Ramos-Betancourt,1 Andrés Lisker-Cervantes,1 Francisco Beltrán,1 Jorge Ozorno-Zárate,1 Valeria Sánchez-Huerta,1 Marco-Antonio Torres-Vera,1 Everardo Hernández-Quintela1 1Cornea and External Diseases Ser...

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Autores principales: Martinez JD, Galor A, Ramos-Betancourt N, Lisker-Cervantes A, Beltrán F, Ozorno-Zárate J, Sánchez-Huerta V, Torres-Vera MA, Hernández-Quintela E
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Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2016
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:1416466fba304252b050c500439a56892021-12-02T00:05:56ZFrequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/1416466fba304252b050c500439a56892016-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/frequency--and-risk-factors-associated-with-dry-eye-in-patients-attend-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Jaime D Martinez,1 Anat Galor,2,3 Nallely Ramos-Betancourt,1 Andrés Lisker-Cervantes,1 Francisco Beltrán,1 Jorge Ozorno-Zárate,1 Valeria Sánchez-Huerta,1 Marco-Antonio Torres-Vera,1 Everardo Hernández-Quintela1 1Cornea and External Diseases Service, Asociación Para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico (Association to prevent blindness in Mexico), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3Cornea and External Diseases Division, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA Purpose: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the frequency and risk factors of dry eye (DE) among patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico.Methods: Approximately 338 consecutive new patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City underwent an ocular surface examination, which included tear film break-up time, fluorescein corneal staining, Schirmer’s test, and evaluation of meibum quality. Symptoms of DE were evaluated by the Ocular Surface Disease Index and Dry Eye Questionnaire-5. Information on demographics, exposures, past medical and ocular history, and medications was also collected.Results: The frequency of severe DE symptoms was found to be 43% based on the Ocular Surface Disease Index and 30% based on Dry Eye Questionnaire-5. Risk factors significantly associated with increased DE symptoms included dry mouth and gastrointestinal ulcer medications. With regard to signs, aqueous tear deficiency was a less-frequent finding (22%) in our population than evaporative deficiency (94%). Risk factors associated with aqueous tear deficiency were dry mouth and diuretic use. No risk factors were associated with evaporative deficiency. Risk factors associated with meibomian gland dysfunction included old age, male sex, arthritis, and use of an antihypertensive. The only risk factor associated with corneal staining was dry mouth.Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate the frequency of symptomatic and clinical DE in a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico. The frequency of DE ranged from 30% using a symptomatic definition to 94% using objective measures. Different risk factors were found for different aspects of DE, suggesting differing underlying pathophysiologies behind different DE subtypes. Keywords: dry eye, meibomian gland dysfunction, ocular surface diseaseMartinez JDGalor ARamos-Betancourt NLisker-Cervantes ABeltrán FOzorno-Zárate JSánchez-Huerta VTorres-Vera MAHernández-Quintela EDove Medical Pressarticledry eyemeibomian gland dysfunctionocular surface diseaseOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2016, Iss Issue 1, Pp 1335-1342 (2016)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic dry eye
meibomian gland dysfunction
ocular surface disease
Ophthalmology
RE1-994
spellingShingle dry eye
meibomian gland dysfunction
ocular surface disease
Ophthalmology
RE1-994
Martinez JD
Galor A
Ramos-Betancourt N
Lisker-Cervantes A
Beltrán F
Ozorno-Zárate J
Sánchez-Huerta V
Torres-Vera MA
Hernández-Quintela E
Frequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City
description Jaime D Martinez,1 Anat Galor,2,3 Nallely Ramos-Betancourt,1 Andrés Lisker-Cervantes,1 Francisco Beltrán,1 Jorge Ozorno-Zárate,1 Valeria Sánchez-Huerta,1 Marco-Antonio Torres-Vera,1 Everardo Hernández-Quintela1 1Cornea and External Diseases Service, Asociación Para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico (Association to prevent blindness in Mexico), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3Cornea and External Diseases Division, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA Purpose: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the frequency and risk factors of dry eye (DE) among patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico.Methods: Approximately 338 consecutive new patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City underwent an ocular surface examination, which included tear film break-up time, fluorescein corneal staining, Schirmer’s test, and evaluation of meibum quality. Symptoms of DE were evaluated by the Ocular Surface Disease Index and Dry Eye Questionnaire-5. Information on demographics, exposures, past medical and ocular history, and medications was also collected.Results: The frequency of severe DE symptoms was found to be 43% based on the Ocular Surface Disease Index and 30% based on Dry Eye Questionnaire-5. Risk factors significantly associated with increased DE symptoms included dry mouth and gastrointestinal ulcer medications. With regard to signs, aqueous tear deficiency was a less-frequent finding (22%) in our population than evaporative deficiency (94%). Risk factors associated with aqueous tear deficiency were dry mouth and diuretic use. No risk factors were associated with evaporative deficiency. Risk factors associated with meibomian gland dysfunction included old age, male sex, arthritis, and use of an antihypertensive. The only risk factor associated with corneal staining was dry mouth.Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate the frequency of symptomatic and clinical DE in a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico. The frequency of DE ranged from 30% using a symptomatic definition to 94% using objective measures. Different risk factors were found for different aspects of DE, suggesting differing underlying pathophysiologies behind different DE subtypes. Keywords: dry eye, meibomian gland dysfunction, ocular surface disease
format article
author Martinez JD
Galor A
Ramos-Betancourt N
Lisker-Cervantes A
Beltrán F
Ozorno-Zárate J
Sánchez-Huerta V
Torres-Vera MA
Hernández-Quintela E
author_facet Martinez JD
Galor A
Ramos-Betancourt N
Lisker-Cervantes A
Beltrán F
Ozorno-Zárate J
Sánchez-Huerta V
Torres-Vera MA
Hernández-Quintela E
author_sort Martinez JD
title Frequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City
title_short Frequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City
title_full Frequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City
title_fullStr Frequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City
title_full_unstemmed Frequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City
title_sort frequency and risk factors associated with dry eye in patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in mexico city
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2016
url https://doaj.org/article/1416466fba304252b050c500439a5689
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