The Influence of Various Photoinitiators on the Properties of Commercial Dental Composites
The aim of this article was to compare the biomechanical properties of commercial composites containing different photoinitiators: Filtek Ultimate (3M ESPE) containing camphorquinone (CQ); Estelite Σ Quick (Tokuyama Dental) with CQ in RAP Technology<sup>®</sup>; Tetric EvoCeram Bleach BL...
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MDPI AG
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:142ea1a1087c44299cace5580580732f2021-11-25T18:48:54ZThe Influence of Various Photoinitiators on the Properties of Commercial Dental Composites10.3390/polym132239722073-4360https://doaj.org/article/142ea1a1087c44299cace5580580732f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3972https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360The aim of this article was to compare the biomechanical properties of commercial composites containing different photoinitiators: Filtek Ultimate (3M ESPE) containing camphorquinone (CQ); Estelite Σ Quick (Tokuyama Dental) with CQ in RAP Technology<sup>®</sup>; Tetric EvoCeram Bleach BLXL (Ivoclar Vivadent AG) with CQ and Lucirin TPO; and Tetric Evoceram Powerfill IVB (Ivoclar Vivadent AG) with CQ and Ivocerin TPO. All samples were cured with a polywave Valo Lamp (Ultradent Products Inc.) with 1450 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>. The microhardness, hardness by Vicker’s method, diametral tensile strength, flexural strength and contraction stress with photoelastic analysis were tested. The highest hardness and microhardness were observed for Filtek Ultimate (93.82 ± 17.44 HV), but other composites also displayed sufficient values (from 52 ± 3.92 to 58,82 ± 7.33 HV). Filtek Ultimate not only demonstrated the highest DTS (48.03 ± 5.97 MPa) and FS (87.32 ± 19.03 MPa) but also the highest contraction stress (13.7 ± 0.4 MPa) during polymerization. The TetricEvoCeram Powerfill has optimal microhardness (54.27 ± 4.1 HV), DTS (32.5 ± 5.29 MPa) and FS (79.3 ± 14.37 MPa) and the lowest contraction stress (7.4 ± 1 MPa) during photopolymerization. To summarize, Filtek Ultimate demonstrated the highest microhardness, FS and DTS values; however, composites with additional photoinitiators such as Lucirin TPO and Ivocerin have the lowest polymerization shrinkage. These composites also have higher FS and DTS and microhardness than material containing CQ in Rap Technology.Andrea KowalskaJerzy SokolowskiTomasz GozdekMichał KrasowskiKarolina KopaczKinga BociongMDPI AGarticlecamphorquinoneLucirin TPOIvocerinRAP technology<sup>®</sup>resin-based compositedental compositesOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3972, p 3972 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
camphorquinone Lucirin TPO Ivocerin RAP technology<sup>®</sup> resin-based composite dental composites Organic chemistry QD241-441 |
| spellingShingle |
camphorquinone Lucirin TPO Ivocerin RAP technology<sup>®</sup> resin-based composite dental composites Organic chemistry QD241-441 Andrea Kowalska Jerzy Sokolowski Tomasz Gozdek Michał Krasowski Karolina Kopacz Kinga Bociong The Influence of Various Photoinitiators on the Properties of Commercial Dental Composites |
| description |
The aim of this article was to compare the biomechanical properties of commercial composites containing different photoinitiators: Filtek Ultimate (3M ESPE) containing camphorquinone (CQ); Estelite Σ Quick (Tokuyama Dental) with CQ in RAP Technology<sup>®</sup>; Tetric EvoCeram Bleach BLXL (Ivoclar Vivadent AG) with CQ and Lucirin TPO; and Tetric Evoceram Powerfill IVB (Ivoclar Vivadent AG) with CQ and Ivocerin TPO. All samples were cured with a polywave Valo Lamp (Ultradent Products Inc.) with 1450 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>. The microhardness, hardness by Vicker’s method, diametral tensile strength, flexural strength and contraction stress with photoelastic analysis were tested. The highest hardness and microhardness were observed for Filtek Ultimate (93.82 ± 17.44 HV), but other composites also displayed sufficient values (from 52 ± 3.92 to 58,82 ± 7.33 HV). Filtek Ultimate not only demonstrated the highest DTS (48.03 ± 5.97 MPa) and FS (87.32 ± 19.03 MPa) but also the highest contraction stress (13.7 ± 0.4 MPa) during polymerization. The TetricEvoCeram Powerfill has optimal microhardness (54.27 ± 4.1 HV), DTS (32.5 ± 5.29 MPa) and FS (79.3 ± 14.37 MPa) and the lowest contraction stress (7.4 ± 1 MPa) during photopolymerization. To summarize, Filtek Ultimate demonstrated the highest microhardness, FS and DTS values; however, composites with additional photoinitiators such as Lucirin TPO and Ivocerin have the lowest polymerization shrinkage. These composites also have higher FS and DTS and microhardness than material containing CQ in Rap Technology. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Andrea Kowalska Jerzy Sokolowski Tomasz Gozdek Michał Krasowski Karolina Kopacz Kinga Bociong |
| author_facet |
Andrea Kowalska Jerzy Sokolowski Tomasz Gozdek Michał Krasowski Karolina Kopacz Kinga Bociong |
| author_sort |
Andrea Kowalska |
| title |
The Influence of Various Photoinitiators on the Properties of Commercial Dental Composites |
| title_short |
The Influence of Various Photoinitiators on the Properties of Commercial Dental Composites |
| title_full |
The Influence of Various Photoinitiators on the Properties of Commercial Dental Composites |
| title_fullStr |
The Influence of Various Photoinitiators on the Properties of Commercial Dental Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Influence of Various Photoinitiators on the Properties of Commercial Dental Composites |
| title_sort |
influence of various photoinitiators on the properties of commercial dental composites |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/142ea1a1087c44299cace5580580732f |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT andreakowalska theinfluenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT jerzysokolowski theinfluenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT tomaszgozdek theinfluenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT michałkrasowski theinfluenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT karolinakopacz theinfluenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT kingabociong theinfluenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT andreakowalska influenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT jerzysokolowski influenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT tomaszgozdek influenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT michałkrasowski influenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT karolinakopacz influenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites AT kingabociong influenceofvariousphotoinitiatorsonthepropertiesofcommercialdentalcomposites |
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