Holistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.

Radiologists can visually detect abnormalities on radiographs within 2s, a process that resembles holistic visual processing of faces. Interestingly, there is empirical evidence using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for the involvement of the right fusiform face area (FFA) in visual-exp...

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Autores principales:	Ellen M Kok, Bettina Sorger, Koos van Geel, Andreas Gegenfurtner, Jeroen J G van Merriënboer, Simon G F Robben, Anique B H de Bruin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/143954a83a724daabc7b23dcc2058cbb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:143954a83a724daabc7b23dcc2058cbb2021-12-02T20:08:42ZHolistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256849https://doaj.org/article/143954a83a724daabc7b23dcc2058cbb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256849https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Radiologists can visually detect abnormalities on radiographs within 2s, a process that resembles holistic visual processing of faces. Interestingly, there is empirical evidence using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for the involvement of the right fusiform face area (FFA) in visual-expertise tasks such as radiological image interpretation. The speed by which stimuli (e.g., faces, abnormalities) are recognized is an important characteristic of holistic processing. However, evidence for the involvement of the right FFA in holistic processing in radiology comes mostly from short or artificial tasks in which the quick, 'holistic' mode of diagnostic processing is not contrasted with the slower 'search-to-find' mode. In our fMRI study, we hypothesized that the right FFA responds selectively to the 'holistic' mode of diagnostic processing and less so to the 'search-to-find' mode. Eleven laypeople and 17 radiologists in training diagnosed 66 radiographs in 2s each (holistic mode) and subsequently checked their diagnosis in an extended (10-s) period (search-to-find mode). During data analysis, we first identified individual regions of interest (ROIs) for the right FFA using a localizer task. Then we employed ROI-based ANOVAs and obtained tentative support for the hypothesis that the right FFA shows more activation for radiologists in training versus laypeople, in particular in the holistic mode (i.e., during 2s trials), and less so in the search-to-find mode (i.e., during 10-s trials). No significant correlation was found between diagnostic performance (diagnostic accuracy) and brain-activation level within the right FFA for both, short-presentation and long-presentation diagnostic trials. Our results provide tentative evidence from a diagnostic-reasoning task that the FFA supports the holistic processing of visual stimuli in participants' expertise domain.Ellen M KokBettina SorgerKoos van GeelAndreas GegenfurtnerJeroen J G van MerriënboerSimon G F RobbenAnique B H de BruinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0256849 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ellen M Kok Bettina Sorger Koos van Geel Andreas Gegenfurtner Jeroen J G van Merriënboer Simon G F Robben Anique B H de Bruin Holistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.
description	Radiologists can visually detect abnormalities on radiographs within 2s, a process that resembles holistic visual processing of faces. Interestingly, there is empirical evidence using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for the involvement of the right fusiform face area (FFA) in visual-expertise tasks such as radiological image interpretation. The speed by which stimuli (e.g., faces, abnormalities) are recognized is an important characteristic of holistic processing. However, evidence for the involvement of the right FFA in holistic processing in radiology comes mostly from short or artificial tasks in which the quick, 'holistic' mode of diagnostic processing is not contrasted with the slower 'search-to-find' mode. In our fMRI study, we hypothesized that the right FFA responds selectively to the 'holistic' mode of diagnostic processing and less so to the 'search-to-find' mode. Eleven laypeople and 17 radiologists in training diagnosed 66 radiographs in 2s each (holistic mode) and subsequently checked their diagnosis in an extended (10-s) period (search-to-find mode). During data analysis, we first identified individual regions of interest (ROIs) for the right FFA using a localizer task. Then we employed ROI-based ANOVAs and obtained tentative support for the hypothesis that the right FFA shows more activation for radiologists in training versus laypeople, in particular in the holistic mode (i.e., during 2s trials), and less so in the search-to-find mode (i.e., during 10-s trials). No significant correlation was found between diagnostic performance (diagnostic accuracy) and brain-activation level within the right FFA for both, short-presentation and long-presentation diagnostic trials. Our results provide tentative evidence from a diagnostic-reasoning task that the FFA supports the holistic processing of visual stimuli in participants' expertise domain.
format	article
author	Ellen M Kok Bettina Sorger Koos van Geel Andreas Gegenfurtner Jeroen J G van Merriënboer Simon G F Robben Anique B H de Bruin
author_facet	Ellen M Kok Bettina Sorger Koos van Geel Andreas Gegenfurtner Jeroen J G van Merriënboer Simon G F Robben Anique B H de Bruin
author_sort	Ellen M Kok
title	Holistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.
title_short	Holistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.
title_full	Holistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.
title_fullStr	Holistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.
title_full_unstemmed	Holistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.
title_sort	holistic processing only? the role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/143954a83a724daabc7b23dcc2058cbb
work_keys_str_mv	AT ellenmkok holisticprocessingonlytheroleoftherightfusiformfaceareainradiologicalexpertise AT bettinasorger holisticprocessingonlytheroleoftherightfusiformfaceareainradiologicalexpertise AT koosvangeel holisticprocessingonlytheroleoftherightfusiformfaceareainradiologicalexpertise AT andreasgegenfurtner holisticprocessingonlytheroleoftherightfusiformfaceareainradiologicalexpertise AT jeroenjgvanmerrienboer holisticprocessingonlytheroleoftherightfusiformfaceareainradiologicalexpertise AT simongfrobben holisticprocessingonlytheroleoftherightfusiformfaceareainradiologicalexpertise AT aniquebhdebruin holisticprocessingonlytheroleoftherightfusiformfaceareainradiologicalexpertise
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Holistic processing only? The role of the right fusiform face area in radiological expertise.

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