Corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering

Olli ArjamaaDepartment of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandAbstract: Almost 300 million people are visually impaired worldwide due to various eye diseases such as cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and corneal diseases. Notably, ten million people...

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Autor principal:	Arjamaa O
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/145016b752da42aaa02936b5a6b43394
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:145016b752da42aaa02936b5a6b433942021-12-02T04:22:36ZCorneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering1177-54671177-5483https://doaj.org/article/145016b752da42aaa02936b5a6b433942012-09-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/corneal-reconstruction-by-stem-cells-and-bioengineering-a10896https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Olli ArjamaaDepartment of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandAbstract: Almost 300 million people are visually impaired worldwide due to various eye diseases such as cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and corneal diseases. Notably, ten million people are blind because of severe ocular surface diseases and the majority of cases occur in developing countries. Blinding ocular surface diseases have, however, become treatable by grafting of surface layers, or by full-thickness transplantation of the cornea. As the demand for human corneal tissue for surface reconstruction and transplantation far exceeds the supply, methods are being developed to supplement tissue donation. Xenotransplantation of the cornea or cells from genetically modified pigs may become one of the solutions. Transplantation of limbal stem cells within tissue biopsies, to restore the transparency of the cornea is another remarkable method, which has shown its potential in several clinical studies. The combination of stem cell technology and engineering of biocompatible tissue equivalent, still at preclinical stage, has shown us how synthetic corneal tissue is able to guide cultured corneal stromal stem cells of human origin, to become native-like stroma, the most important layer of the cornea. These findings give hope for a large-quantity production of biomaterial for corneal reconstruction. As such, clinical ophthalmologists should become more familiar with the methods of laboratory science.Keywords: eye, grafting, keratoplasty, xenotransplantation, cell reservoir, biocompatible tissue equivalentArjamaa ODove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 1407-1409 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Arjamaa O Corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering
description	Olli ArjamaaDepartment of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandAbstract: Almost 300 million people are visually impaired worldwide due to various eye diseases such as cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and corneal diseases. Notably, ten million people are blind because of severe ocular surface diseases and the majority of cases occur in developing countries. Blinding ocular surface diseases have, however, become treatable by grafting of surface layers, or by full-thickness transplantation of the cornea. As the demand for human corneal tissue for surface reconstruction and transplantation far exceeds the supply, methods are being developed to supplement tissue donation. Xenotransplantation of the cornea or cells from genetically modified pigs may become one of the solutions. Transplantation of limbal stem cells within tissue biopsies, to restore the transparency of the cornea is another remarkable method, which has shown its potential in several clinical studies. The combination of stem cell technology and engineering of biocompatible tissue equivalent, still at preclinical stage, has shown us how synthetic corneal tissue is able to guide cultured corneal stromal stem cells of human origin, to become native-like stroma, the most important layer of the cornea. These findings give hope for a large-quantity production of biomaterial for corneal reconstruction. As such, clinical ophthalmologists should become more familiar with the methods of laboratory science.Keywords: eye, grafting, keratoplasty, xenotransplantation, cell reservoir, biocompatible tissue equivalent
format	article
author	Arjamaa O
author_facet	Arjamaa O
author_sort	Arjamaa O
title	Corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering
title_short	Corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering
title_full	Corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering
title_fullStr	Corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering
title_full_unstemmed	Corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering
title_sort	corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/145016b752da42aaa02936b5a6b43394
work_keys_str_mv	AT arjamaao cornealreconstructionbystemcellsandbioengineering
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Corneal reconstruction by stem cells and bioengineering

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