Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh

Abstract As a cheap source of high-quality protein, healthy fats and essential nutrients, dried fish is a common item in the daily diet of the Bangladesh populace. In this study, ten types of widely consumed dried fish (H. neherius, T. lepturu, P.chinensis, P. affinis, A. mola, P. microdon, I. megal...

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Autores principales:	Md. Refat Jahan Rakib, Y. N. Jolly, Christian Ebere Enyoh, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, M. Belal Hossain, Shirin Akther, Abdullah Alsubaie, Abdulraheem S. A. Almalki, D. A. Bradley
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/14682b4bf96e4052a14741b9940a77b5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:14682b4bf96e4052a14741b9940a77b52021-12-02T17:03:50ZLevels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh10.1038/s41598-021-93989-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/14682b4bf96e4052a14741b9940a77b52021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93989-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract As a cheap source of high-quality protein, healthy fats and essential nutrients, dried fish is a common item in the daily diet of the Bangladesh populace. In this study, ten types of widely consumed dried fish (H. neherius, T. lepturu, P.chinensis, P. affinis, A. mola, P. microdon, I. megaloptera, C. dussumieri, L. calcarifer, and G. chapra) were analyzed for Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Hg, Pb, Ni and As by using an Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. The concentration of the studied metals was found in the order Fe > Zn > Hg > Cu > Se > Cr > Mn > Co > Rb > Pb, while As and Ni were below the limit of detection. All fish species showed moderate to high pollution, where the species H. Neherius and P. Chinensis are the most and least polluted ones, respectively. The probable source of contamination is the leaching from the drying pans into the fish samples, atmospheric deposition, anthropogenic contamination, etc. of the water body where these fish were harvested. The calculated hazard index for the general population was below the maximum limiting value (i.e., < 1) except for Hg to children. The carcinogenic risk showed values lower than the acceptable limit for cancer risks (10–6 to 10–4). Periodic monitoring of trace metals in the aquatic organisms along with fish is recommended to avoid any unexpected health hazards caused by the toxic heavy metals via fish consumption.Md. Refat Jahan RakibY. N. JollyChristian Ebere EnyohMayeen Uddin KhandakerM. Belal HossainShirin AktherAbdullah AlsubaieAbdulraheem S. A. AlmalkiD. A. BradleyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Md. Refat Jahan Rakib Y. N. Jolly Christian Ebere Enyoh Mayeen Uddin Khandaker M. Belal Hossain Shirin Akther Abdullah Alsubaie Abdulraheem S. A. Almalki D. A. Bradley Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh
description	Abstract As a cheap source of high-quality protein, healthy fats and essential nutrients, dried fish is a common item in the daily diet of the Bangladesh populace. In this study, ten types of widely consumed dried fish (H. neherius, T. lepturu, P.chinensis, P. affinis, A. mola, P. microdon, I. megaloptera, C. dussumieri, L. calcarifer, and G. chapra) were analyzed for Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Hg, Pb, Ni and As by using an Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. The concentration of the studied metals was found in the order Fe > Zn > Hg > Cu > Se > Cr > Mn > Co > Rb > Pb, while As and Ni were below the limit of detection. All fish species showed moderate to high pollution, where the species H. Neherius and P. Chinensis are the most and least polluted ones, respectively. The probable source of contamination is the leaching from the drying pans into the fish samples, atmospheric deposition, anthropogenic contamination, etc. of the water body where these fish were harvested. The calculated hazard index for the general population was below the maximum limiting value (i.e., < 1) except for Hg to children. The carcinogenic risk showed values lower than the acceptable limit for cancer risks (10–6 to 10–4). Periodic monitoring of trace metals in the aquatic organisms along with fish is recommended to avoid any unexpected health hazards caused by the toxic heavy metals via fish consumption.
format	article
author	Md. Refat Jahan Rakib Y. N. Jolly Christian Ebere Enyoh Mayeen Uddin Khandaker M. Belal Hossain Shirin Akther Abdullah Alsubaie Abdulraheem S. A. Almalki D. A. Bradley
author_facet	Md. Refat Jahan Rakib Y. N. Jolly Christian Ebere Enyoh Mayeen Uddin Khandaker M. Belal Hossain Shirin Akther Abdullah Alsubaie Abdulraheem S. A. Almalki D. A. Bradley
author_sort	Md. Refat Jahan Rakib
title	Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh
title_short	Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh
title_full	Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh
title_fullStr	Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh
title_full_unstemmed	Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh
title_sort	levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in bangladesh
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/14682b4bf96e4052a14741b9940a77b5
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Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh

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