Materials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China

The application of Nerin Recycling Technologies (NRT) in electronic waste (E-waste) smelting was introduced in this study, and the material and energy balance was calculated based on the practical data with the METSIM software (METSIM International, USA). The main results are as follows: (1) the opt...

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Autores principales:	Fengchun Ye, Zhihong Liu, Longgong Xia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	secondary copper circular economy decarbonization dioxin halogen Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1469be28d83549edb4780c031669c8fb
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:1469be28d83549edb4780c031669c8fb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1469be28d83549edb4780c031669c8fb2021-11-25T18:22:09ZMaterials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China10.3390/met111118142075-4701https://doaj.org/article/1469be28d83549edb4780c031669c8fb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1814https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4701The application of Nerin Recycling Technologies (NRT) in electronic waste (E-waste) smelting was introduced in this study, and the material and energy balance was calculated based on the practical data with the METSIM software (METSIM International, USA). The main results are as follows: (1) the optimized processing parameters in the NRT smelting practice were the E-waste feeding rate of 5.95 t/h, oxidation smelting duration of 3.5 h, reduction smelting duration of 0.5 h, oxygen enrichment of 21–40 vol.%, oxygen consumption of 68.06 Nm<sup>3</sup>/ton raw material, slag temperature of 1280 °C, slag composition: Fe/SiO<sub>2</sub> mass ratio of 0.8–1.4, CaO, 15–20 wt.%, Cu in crude copper ≥ 95 wt.%, Cu in slag, 0.5 wt.%, recovery of Cu, Au, and Ag ≥ 98%; (2) 98.49% Au, 98.04% Ag, 94.11% Ni, and 79.13% Sn entered the crude copper phase in the smelting process, 76.73% Pb and 67.22% Zn volatilized to the dust phase, and all halogen elements terminated in the dust and off-gas; (3) total heat input of the process was 79,480 MJ/h, the energy released by chemical reactions accounted for 69.94% of the total, and heat from fuels burning accounted for 33.04%. The energy brought away by the off-gas was 38,440 MJ/h, which was the largest part in heat output. The heat loss with the smelting slag accounted for 28.47% of the total.Fengchun YeZhihong LiuLonggong XiaMDPI AGarticlesecondary coppercircular economydecarbonizationdioxinhalogenMining engineering. MetallurgyTN1-997ENMetals, Vol 11, Iss 1814, p 1814 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	secondary copper circular economy decarbonization dioxin halogen Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
spellingShingle	secondary copper circular economy decarbonization dioxin halogen Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997 Fengchun Ye Zhihong Liu Longgong Xia Materials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China
description	The application of Nerin Recycling Technologies (NRT) in electronic waste (E-waste) smelting was introduced in this study, and the material and energy balance was calculated based on the practical data with the METSIM software (METSIM International, USA). The main results are as follows: (1) the optimized processing parameters in the NRT smelting practice were the E-waste feeding rate of 5.95 t/h, oxidation smelting duration of 3.5 h, reduction smelting duration of 0.5 h, oxygen enrichment of 21–40 vol.%, oxygen consumption of 68.06 Nm<sup>3</sup>/ton raw material, slag temperature of 1280 °C, slag composition: Fe/SiO<sub>2</sub> mass ratio of 0.8–1.4, CaO, 15–20 wt.%, Cu in crude copper ≥ 95 wt.%, Cu in slag, 0.5 wt.%, recovery of Cu, Au, and Ag ≥ 98%; (2) 98.49% Au, 98.04% Ag, 94.11% Ni, and 79.13% Sn entered the crude copper phase in the smelting process, 76.73% Pb and 67.22% Zn volatilized to the dust phase, and all halogen elements terminated in the dust and off-gas; (3) total heat input of the process was 79,480 MJ/h, the energy released by chemical reactions accounted for 69.94% of the total, and heat from fuels burning accounted for 33.04%. The energy brought away by the off-gas was 38,440 MJ/h, which was the largest part in heat output. The heat loss with the smelting slag accounted for 28.47% of the total.
format	article
author	Fengchun Ye Zhihong Liu Longgong Xia
author_facet	Fengchun Ye Zhihong Liu Longgong Xia
author_sort	Fengchun Ye
title	Materials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China
title_short	Materials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China
title_full	Materials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China
title_fullStr	Materials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China
title_full_unstemmed	Materials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China
title_sort	materials and energy balance of e-waste smelting—an industrial case study in china
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1469be28d83549edb4780c031669c8fb
work_keys_str_mv	AT fengchunye materialsandenergybalanceofewastesmeltinganindustrialcasestudyinchina AT zhihongliu materialsandenergybalanceofewastesmeltinganindustrialcasestudyinchina AT longgongxia materialsandenergybalanceofewastesmeltinganindustrialcasestudyinchina
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Materials and Energy Balance of E-Waste Smelting—An Industrial Case Study in China

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