A model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.

Many cephalopods such as octopi and squid can purposefully and rapidly change their skin color. Furthermore, it is widely known that some octopi have the ability to rapidly change the color and unevenness of their skin to mimic their surroundings. However, there has been little research published on...

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Autor principal:	Takeshi Ishida
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/146fae077bb84016a74edd032a820b06
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:146fae077bb84016a74edd032a820b062021-12-02T20:18:20ZA model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256025https://doaj.org/article/146fae077bb84016a74edd032a820b062021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256025https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Many cephalopods such as octopi and squid can purposefully and rapidly change their skin color. Furthermore, it is widely known that some octopi have the ability to rapidly change the color and unevenness of their skin to mimic their surroundings. However, there has been little research published on the mechanisms by which an octopus recognizes its surrounding landscape and changes its skin pattern. We are unaware of any hypothetical model that explains this mimicry mechanism to date. In this study, the mechanism of octopus skin pattern change was assumed to be based on the Turing pattern model. Here, pattern formation using the Turing model was realized using an equivalent filter calculation model and a cellular automaton instead of directly solving the differential equations. It was shown that this model can create various patterns using two feature parameters. Furthermore, for visual recognition where two features are extracted from the Turing pattern image, a method that requires minimal calculation using the characteristics of the cellular Turing pattern model is proposed. These two calculations can be expressed in the same mathematical frame based on the cellular automaton model using a convolution filter. As a result, a model that is capable of extracting features from patterns and reconstructing those patterns rapidly can be created. This represents a basic model of the mimicry mechanism of octopi. Further, this study demonstrates the potential for creating a model with minimal learning calculation for application to machine learning.Takeshi IshidaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0256025 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Takeshi Ishida A model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.
description	Many cephalopods such as octopi and squid can purposefully and rapidly change their skin color. Furthermore, it is widely known that some octopi have the ability to rapidly change the color and unevenness of their skin to mimic their surroundings. However, there has been little research published on the mechanisms by which an octopus recognizes its surrounding landscape and changes its skin pattern. We are unaware of any hypothetical model that explains this mimicry mechanism to date. In this study, the mechanism of octopus skin pattern change was assumed to be based on the Turing pattern model. Here, pattern formation using the Turing model was realized using an equivalent filter calculation model and a cellular automaton instead of directly solving the differential equations. It was shown that this model can create various patterns using two feature parameters. Furthermore, for visual recognition where two features are extracted from the Turing pattern image, a method that requires minimal calculation using the characteristics of the cellular Turing pattern model is proposed. These two calculations can be expressed in the same mathematical frame based on the cellular automaton model using a convolution filter. As a result, a model that is capable of extracting features from patterns and reconstructing those patterns rapidly can be created. This represents a basic model of the mimicry mechanism of octopi. Further, this study demonstrates the potential for creating a model with minimal learning calculation for application to machine learning.
format	article
author	Takeshi Ishida
author_facet	Takeshi Ishida
author_sort	Takeshi Ishida
title	A model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.
title_short	A model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.
title_full	A model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.
title_fullStr	A model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.
title_full_unstemmed	A model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.
title_sort	model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the turing reaction model.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/146fae077bb84016a74edd032a820b06
work_keys_str_mv	AT takeshiishida amodelofoctopusepidermispatternmimicrymechanismsusinginverseoperationoftheturingreactionmodel AT takeshiishida modelofoctopusepidermispatternmimicrymechanismsusinginverseoperationoftheturingreactionmodel
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A model of octopus epidermis pattern mimicry mechanisms using inverse operation of the Turing reaction model.

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