Predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.

<h4>Background</h4>Drug resistance tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients' mortality and loss to follow-up (LTF) from treatment and care is a growing worry in Ethiopia. However, little is known about predictors of mortality and LTF among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia region,...

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Autores principales:	Demelash Woldeyohannes, Yohannes Tekalegn, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Tesfaye Assefa, Rameto Aman, Zeleke Hailemariam, Lillian Mwanri, Alemu Girma
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/149934f7166543e0a82e5f154e611cbd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:149934f7166543e0a82e5f154e611cbd2021-11-25T05:54:19ZPredictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0250804https://doaj.org/article/149934f7166543e0a82e5f154e611cbd2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250804https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Drug resistance tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients' mortality and loss to follow-up (LTF) from treatment and care is a growing worry in Ethiopia. However, little is known about predictors of mortality and LTF among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia region, Ethiopia. The current study aimed to identify predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistance tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>A retrospective follow up study was carried out from 01 November 2012 to 31 December 2017 among DR-TB patients after calculating sample size using single proportion population formula. Mean, median, Frequency tables and bar charts were used to describe patients' characteristics in the cohort. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to estimate the probability of death and LTF after the treatment was initiated. The log-rank test was used to compare time to death and time to LTF. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine predictors of mortality and LTF after DR-TB diagnosis. The Crude and adjusted Cox proportional hazard ratio was used to measure the strength of association whereas p-value less than 0.05 were used to declare statistically significant predictors.<h4>Result</h4>A total of 406 DR-TB patients were followed for 7084 person-months observations. Among the patients, 71 (17.5%) died and 32 (7.9%) were lost to follow up (LTF). The incidence density of death and LTF in the cohort was 9.8 and 4.5 per 1000 person-months, respectively. The median age of the study participants was 28 years (IQR: 27.1, 29.1). The overall cumulative survival probability of patients at the end of 24 months was 77.5% and 84.5% for the mortality and LTF, respectively. The independent predictors of death was chest radiographic findings (AHR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.17-0.79) and HIV serostatus 2.98 (95% CI: 1.72-5.19). Drug adverse effect (AHR = 6.1; 95% CI: 2.5, 14.34) and culture test result (AHR = 0.1; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.3) were independent predictors of LTF.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study concluded that drug-resistant tuberculosis mortality and LTF remains high in the study area. Continual support of the integration of TB/HIV service with emphasis and work to identified predictors may help in reducing drug-resistant tuberculosis mortality and LTF.Demelash WoldeyohannesYohannes TekalegnBiniyam SahiledengleTesfaye AssefaRameto AmanZeleke HailemariamLillian MwanriAlemu GirmaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e0250804 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Demelash Woldeyohannes Yohannes Tekalegn Biniyam Sahiledengle Tesfaye Assefa Rameto Aman Zeleke Hailemariam Lillian Mwanri Alemu Girma Predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Drug resistance tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients' mortality and loss to follow-up (LTF) from treatment and care is a growing worry in Ethiopia. However, little is known about predictors of mortality and LTF among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia region, Ethiopia. The current study aimed to identify predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistance tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>A retrospective follow up study was carried out from 01 November 2012 to 31 December 2017 among DR-TB patients after calculating sample size using single proportion population formula. Mean, median, Frequency tables and bar charts were used to describe patients' characteristics in the cohort. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to estimate the probability of death and LTF after the treatment was initiated. The log-rank test was used to compare time to death and time to LTF. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine predictors of mortality and LTF after DR-TB diagnosis. The Crude and adjusted Cox proportional hazard ratio was used to measure the strength of association whereas p-value less than 0.05 were used to declare statistically significant predictors.<h4>Result</h4>A total of 406 DR-TB patients were followed for 7084 person-months observations. Among the patients, 71 (17.5%) died and 32 (7.9%) were lost to follow up (LTF). The incidence density of death and LTF in the cohort was 9.8 and 4.5 per 1000 person-months, respectively. The median age of the study participants was 28 years (IQR: 27.1, 29.1). The overall cumulative survival probability of patients at the end of 24 months was 77.5% and 84.5% for the mortality and LTF, respectively. The independent predictors of death was chest radiographic findings (AHR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.17-0.79) and HIV serostatus 2.98 (95% CI: 1.72-5.19). Drug adverse effect (AHR = 6.1; 95% CI: 2.5, 14.34) and culture test result (AHR = 0.1; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.3) were independent predictors of LTF.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study concluded that drug-resistant tuberculosis mortality and LTF remains high in the study area. Continual support of the integration of TB/HIV service with emphasis and work to identified predictors may help in reducing drug-resistant tuberculosis mortality and LTF.
format	article
author	Demelash Woldeyohannes Yohannes Tekalegn Biniyam Sahiledengle Tesfaye Assefa Rameto Aman Zeleke Hailemariam Lillian Mwanri Alemu Girma
author_facet	Demelash Woldeyohannes Yohannes Tekalegn Biniyam Sahiledengle Tesfaye Assefa Rameto Aman Zeleke Hailemariam Lillian Mwanri Alemu Girma
author_sort	Demelash Woldeyohannes
title	Predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.
title_short	Predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.
title_full	Predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.
title_fullStr	Predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.
title_full_unstemmed	Predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.
title_sort	predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in oromia hospitals, ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/149934f7166543e0a82e5f154e611cbd
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Predictors of mortality and loss to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Oromia Hospitals, Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.

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