Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?

ABSTRACT Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are produced by a diverse set of seven clostridial species, though alternate naming systems have developed over the last 100 years. Starting in the 1950s, a single-species taxonomy where any bacterium producing BoNT would be designated Clostridium botulinum was...

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Autores principales:	Theresa Smith, Charles H. D. Williamson, Karen Hill, Jason Sahl, Paul Keim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2018
Materias:	Clostridium botulinum botulism botulinum neurotoxin phylogenetic analysis taxonomy Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1499d1f1a5094f49bce6aa582fa2f0ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1499d1f1a5094f49bce6aa582fa2f0ef2021-11-15T15:58:21ZBotulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?10.1128/mBio.01469-182150-7511https://doaj.org/article/1499d1f1a5094f49bce6aa582fa2f0ef2018-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01469-18https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are produced by a diverse set of seven clostridial species, though alternate naming systems have developed over the last 100 years. Starting in the 1950s, a single-species taxonomy where any bacterium producing BoNT would be designated Clostridium botulinum was introduced. As the extreme diversity of these strains was recognized, a secondary system of taxonomic “groups” evolved. It became clear that these groups also had members that did not produce BoNT, and in some cases, they were given formal species names. Genomic analysis now clearly identifies species affiliations whether an isolate is toxigenic or not. It is clear that C. botulinum group nomenclature is no longer appropriate and that there are recognized species names for each clostridium. We advocate for the use of the scientific binomials and that the single-species group nomenclature be abandoned.Theresa SmithCharles H. D. WilliamsonKaren HillJason SahlPaul KeimAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleClostridium botulinumbotulismbotulinum neurotoxinphylogenetic analysistaxonomyMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 9, Iss 5 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Clostridium botulinum botulism botulinum neurotoxin phylogenetic analysis taxonomy Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Clostridium botulinum botulism botulinum neurotoxin phylogenetic analysis taxonomy Microbiology QR1-502 Theresa Smith Charles H. D. Williamson Karen Hill Jason Sahl Paul Keim Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?
description	ABSTRACT Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are produced by a diverse set of seven clostridial species, though alternate naming systems have developed over the last 100 years. Starting in the 1950s, a single-species taxonomy where any bacterium producing BoNT would be designated Clostridium botulinum was introduced. As the extreme diversity of these strains was recognized, a secondary system of taxonomic “groups” evolved. It became clear that these groups also had members that did not produce BoNT, and in some cases, they were given formal species names. Genomic analysis now clearly identifies species affiliations whether an isolate is toxigenic or not. It is clear that C. botulinum group nomenclature is no longer appropriate and that there are recognized species names for each clostridium. We advocate for the use of the scientific binomials and that the single-species group nomenclature be abandoned.
format	article
author	Theresa Smith Charles H. D. Williamson Karen Hill Jason Sahl Paul Keim
author_facet	Theresa Smith Charles H. D. Williamson Karen Hill Jason Sahl Paul Keim
author_sort	Theresa Smith
title	Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?
title_short	Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?
title_full	Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?
title_fullStr	Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?
title_full_unstemmed	Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?
title_sort	botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria. isn’t it time that we called a species a species?
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/1499d1f1a5094f49bce6aa582fa2f0ef
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Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn’t It Time that We Called a Species a Species?

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