Gene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves

Abstract Rhizomorphic lycopsids are the land plant group that includes the first giant trees to grow on Earth and extant species in the genus Isoetes. Two mutually exclusive hypotheses account for the evolution of terminal rooting axes called rootlets among the rhizomorphic lycopsids. One hypothesis...

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Autores principales:	Alexander J. Hetherington, David M. Emms, Steven Kelly, Liam Dolan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/149fb8f101e046e58dfd48cf0fc8125e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:149fb8f101e046e58dfd48cf0fc8125e2021-12-02T12:33:06ZGene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves10.1038/s41598-020-78171-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/149fb8f101e046e58dfd48cf0fc8125e2020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78171-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Rhizomorphic lycopsids are the land plant group that includes the first giant trees to grow on Earth and extant species in the genus Isoetes. Two mutually exclusive hypotheses account for the evolution of terminal rooting axes called rootlets among the rhizomorphic lycopsids. One hypothesis states that rootlets are true roots, like roots in other lycopsids. The other states that rootlets are modified leaves. Here we test predictions of each hypothesis by investigating gene expression in the leaves and rootlets of Isoetes echinospora. We assembled the de novo transcriptome of axenically cultured I. echinospora. Gene expression signatures of I. echinospora rootlets and leaves were different. Furthermore, gene expression signatures of I. echinospora rootlets were similar to gene expression signatures of true roots of Selaginella moellendorffii and Arabidopsis thaliana. RSL genes which positively regulate cell differentiation in roots were either exclusively or preferentially expressed in the I. echinospora rootlets, S. moellendorffii roots and A. thaliana roots compared to the leaves of each respective species. Taken together, gene expression data from the de-novo transcriptome of I. echinospora are consistent with the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves.Alexander J. HetheringtonDavid M. EmmsSteven KellyLiam DolanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alexander J. Hetherington David M. Emms Steven Kelly Liam Dolan Gene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves
description	Abstract Rhizomorphic lycopsids are the land plant group that includes the first giant trees to grow on Earth and extant species in the genus Isoetes. Two mutually exclusive hypotheses account for the evolution of terminal rooting axes called rootlets among the rhizomorphic lycopsids. One hypothesis states that rootlets are true roots, like roots in other lycopsids. The other states that rootlets are modified leaves. Here we test predictions of each hypothesis by investigating gene expression in the leaves and rootlets of Isoetes echinospora. We assembled the de novo transcriptome of axenically cultured I. echinospora. Gene expression signatures of I. echinospora rootlets and leaves were different. Furthermore, gene expression signatures of I. echinospora rootlets were similar to gene expression signatures of true roots of Selaginella moellendorffii and Arabidopsis thaliana. RSL genes which positively regulate cell differentiation in roots were either exclusively or preferentially expressed in the I. echinospora rootlets, S. moellendorffii roots and A. thaliana roots compared to the leaves of each respective species. Taken together, gene expression data from the de-novo transcriptome of I. echinospora are consistent with the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves.
format	article
author	Alexander J. Hetherington David M. Emms Steven Kelly Liam Dolan
author_facet	Alexander J. Hetherington David M. Emms Steven Kelly Liam Dolan
author_sort	Alexander J. Hetherington
title	Gene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves
title_short	Gene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves
title_full	Gene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves
title_fullStr	Gene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves
title_full_unstemmed	Gene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves
title_sort	gene expression data support the hypothesis that isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/149fb8f101e046e58dfd48cf0fc8125e
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Gene expression data support the hypothesis that Isoetes rootlets are true roots and not modified leaves

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