X-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities

During a severe accident in either sodium-cooled or water-cooled nuclear reactors, jets of molten nuclear fuel may impinge on the coolant resulting in fuel-coolant interactions (FCI). Experimental programs are being conducted to study this phenomenology and to support the development of severe accid...

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Autores principales:	Journeau Christophe, Johnson Michael, Singh Shifali, Payot Fréderic, Matsuba Ken-ichi, Emura Yuki, Kamiyama Kenji
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	EDP Sciences 2021
Materias:	x-ray imaging calibration phantom jet fragmentation fuel-coolant interaction Physics QC1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/14df244776f445b1be5f333939dfc3c5
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:14df244776f445b1be5f333939dfc3c5
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:14df244776f445b1be5f333939dfc3c52021-12-02T17:12:46ZX-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities2100-014X10.1051/epjconf/202125306005https://doaj.org/article/14df244776f445b1be5f333939dfc3c52021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.epj-conferences.org/articles/epjconf/pdf/2021/07/epjconf_animma2021_06005.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2100-014XDuring a severe accident in either sodium-cooled or water-cooled nuclear reactors, jets of molten nuclear fuel may impinge on the coolant resulting in fuel-coolant interactions (FCI). Experimental programs are being conducted to study this phenomenology and to support the development of severe accident models. Due to the optical opacity of the test section walls, sodium coolant, and the apparent optical opacity of water in the presence of intense ebullition, high-speed X-ray imaging is the preferred technique for FCI visualization. The configuration of these X-ray imaging systems, whereby the test section is installed between a fan-beam X-ray source and a scintillator-image intensifier projecting an image in the visual spectrum onto a high-speed camera, entails certain imaging artefacts and uncertainties. The X-ray imaging configuration requires precise calibration to enable detailed quantitative characterization of the FCI. To this end, ‘phantom’ models have been fabricated using polyethylene, either steel or hafnia powder, and empty cavities to represent sodium, molten fuel and sodium vapor phases respectively. A checkerboard configuration of the phantom enables calibration and correction for lens distortion artefacts which magnify features towards the edge of the field of view. Polydisperse steel ball configurations enable precise determination of the lower limit of detection and the estimation of parallax errors which introduce uncertainty in an object’s silhouette dimensions. Calibration experiments at the MELT facility determined lower limits of detection in the order of 4 mm for steel spheres, and 1.7-3.75 mm for vapor films around a molten jet.Journeau ChristopheJohnson MichaelSingh ShifaliPayot FrédericMatsuba Ken-ichiEmura YukiKamiyama KenjiEDP Sciencesarticlex-ray imagingcalibrationphantomjet fragmentationfuel-coolant interactionPhysicsQC1-999ENEPJ Web of Conferences, Vol 253, p 06005 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	x-ray imaging calibration phantom jet fragmentation fuel-coolant interaction Physics QC1-999
spellingShingle	x-ray imaging calibration phantom jet fragmentation fuel-coolant interaction Physics QC1-999 Journeau Christophe Johnson Michael Singh Shifali Payot Fréderic Matsuba Ken-ichi Emura Yuki Kamiyama Kenji X-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities
description	During a severe accident in either sodium-cooled or water-cooled nuclear reactors, jets of molten nuclear fuel may impinge on the coolant resulting in fuel-coolant interactions (FCI). Experimental programs are being conducted to study this phenomenology and to support the development of severe accident models. Due to the optical opacity of the test section walls, sodium coolant, and the apparent optical opacity of water in the presence of intense ebullition, high-speed X-ray imaging is the preferred technique for FCI visualization. The configuration of these X-ray imaging systems, whereby the test section is installed between a fan-beam X-ray source and a scintillator-image intensifier projecting an image in the visual spectrum onto a high-speed camera, entails certain imaging artefacts and uncertainties. The X-ray imaging configuration requires precise calibration to enable detailed quantitative characterization of the FCI. To this end, ‘phantom’ models have been fabricated using polyethylene, either steel or hafnia powder, and empty cavities to represent sodium, molten fuel and sodium vapor phases respectively. A checkerboard configuration of the phantom enables calibration and correction for lens distortion artefacts which magnify features towards the edge of the field of view. Polydisperse steel ball configurations enable precise determination of the lower limit of detection and the estimation of parallax errors which introduce uncertainty in an object’s silhouette dimensions. Calibration experiments at the MELT facility determined lower limits of detection in the order of 4 mm for steel spheres, and 1.7-3.75 mm for vapor films around a molten jet.
format	article
author	Journeau Christophe Johnson Michael Singh Shifali Payot Fréderic Matsuba Ken-ichi Emura Yuki Kamiyama Kenji
author_facet	Journeau Christophe Johnson Michael Singh Shifali Payot Fréderic Matsuba Ken-ichi Emura Yuki Kamiyama Kenji
author_sort	Journeau Christophe
title	X-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities
title_short	X-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities
title_full	X-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities
title_fullStr	X-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities
title_full_unstemmed	X-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities
title_sort	x-ray imaging calibration for fuel-coolant interaction experimental facilities
publisher	EDP Sciences
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/14df244776f445b1be5f333939dfc3c5
work_keys_str_mv	AT journeauchristophe xrayimagingcalibrationforfuelcoolantinteractionexperimentalfacilities AT johnsonmichael xrayimagingcalibrationforfuelcoolantinteractionexperimentalfacilities AT singhshifali xrayimagingcalibrationforfuelcoolantinteractionexperimentalfacilities AT payotfrederic xrayimagingcalibrationforfuelcoolantinteractionexperimentalfacilities AT matsubakenichi xrayimagingcalibrationforfuelcoolantinteractionexperimentalfacilities AT emurayuki xrayimagingcalibrationforfuelcoolantinteractionexperimentalfacilities AT kamiyamakenji xrayimagingcalibrationforfuelcoolantinteractionexperimentalfacilities
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X-Ray Imaging Calibration for Fuel-Coolant Interaction Experimental Facilities

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