Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death

ABSTRACT Infected cells can undergo apoptosis as a protective response to viral infection, thereby limiting viral infection. As viruses require a viable cell for replication, the death of the cell limits cellular functions that are required for virus replication and propagation. Picornaviruses are s...

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Autores principales:	Sarah N. Croft, Erin J. Walker, Reena Ghildyal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:	apoptosis innate immunity picornavirus proteases virus-host interactions Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/14fbfabf4e45430fb979bf6faa658592
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:14fbfabf4e45430fb979bf6faa6585922021-11-15T15:51:52ZPicornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death10.1128/mBio.01009-172150-7511https://doaj.org/article/14fbfabf4e45430fb979bf6faa6585922017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01009-17https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Infected cells can undergo apoptosis as a protective response to viral infection, thereby limiting viral infection. As viruses require a viable cell for replication, the death of the cell limits cellular functions that are required for virus replication and propagation. Picornaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses that modify the host cell apoptotic response, probably in order to promote viral replication, largely as a function of the viral proteases 2A, 3C, and 3CD. These proteases are essential for viral polyprotein processing and also cleave cellular proteins. Picornavirus proteases cleave proapoptotic adaptor proteins, resulting in downregulation of apoptosis. Picornavirus proteases also cleave nucleoporins, disrupting the orchestrated manner in which signaling pathways use active nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, including those involved in apoptosis. In addition to viral proteases, the transmembrane 2B protein alters intracellular ion signaling, which may also modulate apoptosis. Overall, picornaviruses, via the action of virally encoded proteins, exercise intricate control over and subvert cell death pathways, specifically apoptosis, thereby allowing viral replication to continue.Sarah N. CroftErin J. WalkerReena GhildyalAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticleapoptosisinnate immunitypicornavirusproteasesvirus-host interactionsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 8, Iss 5 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	apoptosis innate immunity picornavirus proteases virus-host interactions Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	apoptosis innate immunity picornavirus proteases virus-host interactions Microbiology QR1-502 Sarah N. Croft Erin J. Walker Reena Ghildyal Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death
description	ABSTRACT Infected cells can undergo apoptosis as a protective response to viral infection, thereby limiting viral infection. As viruses require a viable cell for replication, the death of the cell limits cellular functions that are required for virus replication and propagation. Picornaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses that modify the host cell apoptotic response, probably in order to promote viral replication, largely as a function of the viral proteases 2A, 3C, and 3CD. These proteases are essential for viral polyprotein processing and also cleave cellular proteins. Picornavirus proteases cleave proapoptotic adaptor proteins, resulting in downregulation of apoptosis. Picornavirus proteases also cleave nucleoporins, disrupting the orchestrated manner in which signaling pathways use active nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, including those involved in apoptosis. In addition to viral proteases, the transmembrane 2B protein alters intracellular ion signaling, which may also modulate apoptosis. Overall, picornaviruses, via the action of virally encoded proteins, exercise intricate control over and subvert cell death pathways, specifically apoptosis, thereby allowing viral replication to continue.
format	article
author	Sarah N. Croft Erin J. Walker Reena Ghildyal
author_facet	Sarah N. Croft Erin J. Walker Reena Ghildyal
author_sort	Sarah N. Croft
title	Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death
title_short	Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death
title_full	Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death
title_fullStr	Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death
title_full_unstemmed	Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death
title_sort	picornaviruses and apoptosis: subversion of cell death
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/14fbfabf4e45430fb979bf6faa658592
work_keys_str_mv	AT sarahncroft picornavirusesandapoptosissubversionofcelldeath AT erinjwalker picornavirusesandapoptosissubversionofcelldeath AT reenaghildyal picornavirusesandapoptosissubversionofcelldeath
_version_	1718427320337825792

Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death

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