Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer

Glycyrrhizic acid and its hydrolyzed metabolite 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, obtained from the plant <i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>, have numerous pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerative, antiallergic, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and an...

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Autores principales:	Luciano A. Stecanella, Antonio P. R. Bitencourt, Gustavo Richter Vaz, Eride Quarta, José O. C. Silva Júnior, Alessandra Rossi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhetinic acid liver cancer nanosystems drug targeting Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1504cb8602084cd19ea84b4a22e4f8e6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1504cb8602084cd19ea84b4a22e4f8e62021-11-25T18:40:43ZGlycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer10.3390/pharmaceutics131117921999-4923https://doaj.org/article/1504cb8602084cd19ea84b4a22e4f8e62021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/11/1792https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4923Glycyrrhizic acid and its hydrolyzed metabolite 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, obtained from the plant <i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>, have numerous pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerative, antiallergic, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effects, and others. In addition to the pharmacological activities, in the 1980s, an interaction and uptake of these molecules by the liver was verified, which was later confirmed by other studies through the discovery of specific receptors in the hepatocytes. The presence of these specific receptors in the liver led to vectorization and delivery of drugs, by the introduction of glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid on the surface of nanosystems, for the treatment of liver diseases. This review describes experimental evidence of vectorization by conjugating glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid to nanosystems and delivery of antitumor drugs for the treatment of liver cancer and also describes the techniques used to perform this conjugation. We have shown that due to the existence of specific receptors for these molecules, in addition to the targeting of nanosystems to hepatocytes, nanosystems having glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid on their surface had the same therapeutic effect in a significantly lower dose compared to the free drug and unconjugated nanosystems, with consequent reduction of side effects and toxicity.Luciano A. StecanellaAntonio P. R. BitencourtGustavo Richter VazEride QuartaJosé O. C. Silva JúniorAlessandra RossiMDPI AGarticleglycyrrhizic acidglycyrrhetinic acidliver cancernanosystemsdrug targetingPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENPharmaceutics, Vol 13, Iss 1792, p 1792 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhetinic acid liver cancer nanosystems drug targeting Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhetinic acid liver cancer nanosystems drug targeting Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Luciano A. Stecanella Antonio P. R. Bitencourt Gustavo Richter Vaz Eride Quarta José O. C. Silva Júnior Alessandra Rossi Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer
description	Glycyrrhizic acid and its hydrolyzed metabolite 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, obtained from the plant <i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>, have numerous pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerative, antiallergic, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effects, and others. In addition to the pharmacological activities, in the 1980s, an interaction and uptake of these molecules by the liver was verified, which was later confirmed by other studies through the discovery of specific receptors in the hepatocytes. The presence of these specific receptors in the liver led to vectorization and delivery of drugs, by the introduction of glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid on the surface of nanosystems, for the treatment of liver diseases. This review describes experimental evidence of vectorization by conjugating glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid to nanosystems and delivery of antitumor drugs for the treatment of liver cancer and also describes the techniques used to perform this conjugation. We have shown that due to the existence of specific receptors for these molecules, in addition to the targeting of nanosystems to hepatocytes, nanosystems having glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid on their surface had the same therapeutic effect in a significantly lower dose compared to the free drug and unconjugated nanosystems, with consequent reduction of side effects and toxicity.
format	article
author	Luciano A. Stecanella Antonio P. R. Bitencourt Gustavo Richter Vaz Eride Quarta José O. C. Silva Júnior Alessandra Rossi
author_facet	Luciano A. Stecanella Antonio P. R. Bitencourt Gustavo Richter Vaz Eride Quarta José O. C. Silva Júnior Alessandra Rossi
author_sort	Luciano A. Stecanella
title	Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer
title_short	Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer
title_full	Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer
title_fullStr	Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer
title_full_unstemmed	Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer
title_sort	glycyrrhizic acid and its hydrolyzed metabolite 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid as specific ligands for targeting nanosystems in the treatment of liver cancer
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1504cb8602084cd19ea84b4a22e4f8e6
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Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer

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