Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management

Increasing fruit yield and quality of tomatoes under organic low-input conditions remains a challenge for producers and breeders. Therefore, it is necessary to identify superior tomato cultivars that are suitable for production and use as parents in breeding programmes. In the present study, the var...

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Autores principales:	Leangsrun Chea, Cut Erika, Marcel Naumann, Inga Smit, Bernd Horneburg, Elke Pawelzik
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cultivar fruit yield fruit quality magnesium organic low-input management tomato Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/15096f0c4e9b4d6fbbb86c4f24de9b26
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:15096f0c4e9b4d6fbbb86c4f24de9b262021-11-11T19:51:37ZMorphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management10.3390/su1321123262071-1050https://doaj.org/article/15096f0c4e9b4d6fbbb86c4f24de9b262021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/12326https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Increasing fruit yield and quality of tomatoes under organic low-input conditions remains a challenge for producers and breeders. Therefore, it is necessary to identify superior tomato cultivars that are suitable for production and use as parents in breeding programmes. In the present study, the variations in plant morphology and fruit quality characteristics of tomato cultivars were assessed to reveal the traits associated with improved yield and fruit quality. Sixty diverse tomato cultivars were screened in 2015, and in 2016, a subset of 20 cultivars was selected for further evaluation under organic low-input conditions. The results showed high variability among cultivars in all 28 traits that were observed. Salad cultivars had lower plant growth and fruit quality (minerals, dry matter, total soluble solids, and total phenolics) by 10–70%, but they displayed 10–60% higher fruit yield and leaf minerals than cocktail cultivars. Salad tomato cultivars with superior yield and harvest index were mainly derived from breeding for intensive indoor production. Cocktail cultivars with superior yield were mainly derived from organic and outdoor breeding programs. There was a trade-off between fruit yield and quality, indicating a challenge for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality. The importance of Mg was highlighted because of its contribution to the fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality. Cultivars superior in one trait or trait combination under organic low-input conditions were identified to be used by producers and breeders as superior cultivars to meet their production targets and breeding objectives. The importance of Mg provides a novel path for further research on improving soil-available Mg in organic tomato production to enhance fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality in general.Leangsrun CheaCut ErikaMarcel NaumannInga SmitBernd HorneburgElke PawelzikMDPI AGarticlecultivarfruit yieldfruit qualitymagnesiumorganic low-input managementtomatoEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12326, p 12326 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cultivar fruit yield fruit quality magnesium organic low-input management tomato Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	cultivar fruit yield fruit quality magnesium organic low-input management tomato Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Leangsrun Chea Cut Erika Marcel Naumann Inga Smit Bernd Horneburg Elke Pawelzik Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management
description	Increasing fruit yield and quality of tomatoes under organic low-input conditions remains a challenge for producers and breeders. Therefore, it is necessary to identify superior tomato cultivars that are suitable for production and use as parents in breeding programmes. In the present study, the variations in plant morphology and fruit quality characteristics of tomato cultivars were assessed to reveal the traits associated with improved yield and fruit quality. Sixty diverse tomato cultivars were screened in 2015, and in 2016, a subset of 20 cultivars was selected for further evaluation under organic low-input conditions. The results showed high variability among cultivars in all 28 traits that were observed. Salad cultivars had lower plant growth and fruit quality (minerals, dry matter, total soluble solids, and total phenolics) by 10–70%, but they displayed 10–60% higher fruit yield and leaf minerals than cocktail cultivars. Salad tomato cultivars with superior yield and harvest index were mainly derived from breeding for intensive indoor production. Cocktail cultivars with superior yield were mainly derived from organic and outdoor breeding programs. There was a trade-off between fruit yield and quality, indicating a challenge for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality. The importance of Mg was highlighted because of its contribution to the fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality. Cultivars superior in one trait or trait combination under organic low-input conditions were identified to be used by producers and breeders as superior cultivars to meet their production targets and breeding objectives. The importance of Mg provides a novel path for further research on improving soil-available Mg in organic tomato production to enhance fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality in general.
format	article
author	Leangsrun Chea Cut Erika Marcel Naumann Inga Smit Bernd Horneburg Elke Pawelzik
author_facet	Leangsrun Chea Cut Erika Marcel Naumann Inga Smit Bernd Horneburg Elke Pawelzik
author_sort	Leangsrun Chea
title	Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management
title_short	Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management
title_full	Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management
title_fullStr	Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management
title_full_unstemmed	Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management
title_sort	morphological, leaf nutrient, and fruit quality characteristics of diverse tomato cultivars under organic low-input management
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/15096f0c4e9b4d6fbbb86c4f24de9b26
work_keys_str_mv	AT leangsrunchea morphologicalleafnutrientandfruitqualitycharacteristicsofdiversetomatocultivarsunderorganiclowinputmanagement AT cuterika morphologicalleafnutrientandfruitqualitycharacteristicsofdiversetomatocultivarsunderorganiclowinputmanagement AT marcelnaumann morphologicalleafnutrientandfruitqualitycharacteristicsofdiversetomatocultivarsunderorganiclowinputmanagement AT ingasmit morphologicalleafnutrientandfruitqualitycharacteristicsofdiversetomatocultivarsunderorganiclowinputmanagement AT berndhorneburg morphologicalleafnutrientandfruitqualitycharacteristicsofdiversetomatocultivarsunderorganiclowinputmanagement AT elkepawelzik morphologicalleafnutrientandfruitqualitycharacteristicsofdiversetomatocultivarsunderorganiclowinputmanagement
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Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management

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