The small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.

Clostridioides difficile is a nosocomial pathogen which causes severe diarrhea and colonic inflammation. C. difficile causes disease in susceptible patients when endospores germinate into the toxin-producing vegetative form. The action of these toxins results in diarrhea and the spread of spores int...

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Autores principales:	Hailee N Nerber, Joseph A Sorg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/150a29799c0c496488e02d49574b0341
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:150a29799c0c496488e02d49574b03412021-12-02T20:00:13ZThe small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1009516https://doaj.org/article/150a29799c0c496488e02d49574b03412021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009516https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Clostridioides difficile is a nosocomial pathogen which causes severe diarrhea and colonic inflammation. C. difficile causes disease in susceptible patients when endospores germinate into the toxin-producing vegetative form. The action of these toxins results in diarrhea and the spread of spores into the hospital and healthcare environments. Thus, the destruction of spores is imperative to prevent disease transmission between patients. However, spores are resilient and survive extreme temperatures, chemical exposure, and UV treatment. This makes their elimination from the environment difficult and perpetuates their spread between patients. In the model spore-forming organism, Bacillus subtilis, the small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs) contribute to these resistances. The SASPs are a family of small proteins found in all endospore-forming organisms, C. difficile included. Although these proteins have high sequence similarity between organisms, the role(s) of the proteins differ. Here, we investigated the role of the main α/β SASPs, SspA and SspB, and two annotated putative SASPs, CDR20291_1130 and CDR20291_3080, in protecting C. difficile spores from environmental insults. We found that SspA is necessary for conferring spore UV resistance, SspB minorly contributes, and the annotated putative SASPs do not contribute to UV resistance. In addition, the SASPs minorly contribute to the resistance of nitrous acid. Surprisingly, the combined deletion of sspA and sspB prevented spore formation. Overall, our data indicate that UV resistance of C. difficile spores is dependent on SspA and that SspA and SspB regulate/serve as a checkpoint for spore formation, a previously unreported function of SASPs.Hailee N NerberJoseph A SorgPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 17, Iss 9, p e1009516 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Hailee N Nerber Joseph A Sorg The small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.
description	Clostridioides difficile is a nosocomial pathogen which causes severe diarrhea and colonic inflammation. C. difficile causes disease in susceptible patients when endospores germinate into the toxin-producing vegetative form. The action of these toxins results in diarrhea and the spread of spores into the hospital and healthcare environments. Thus, the destruction of spores is imperative to prevent disease transmission between patients. However, spores are resilient and survive extreme temperatures, chemical exposure, and UV treatment. This makes their elimination from the environment difficult and perpetuates their spread between patients. In the model spore-forming organism, Bacillus subtilis, the small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs) contribute to these resistances. The SASPs are a family of small proteins found in all endospore-forming organisms, C. difficile included. Although these proteins have high sequence similarity between organisms, the role(s) of the proteins differ. Here, we investigated the role of the main α/β SASPs, SspA and SspB, and two annotated putative SASPs, CDR20291_1130 and CDR20291_3080, in protecting C. difficile spores from environmental insults. We found that SspA is necessary for conferring spore UV resistance, SspB minorly contributes, and the annotated putative SASPs do not contribute to UV resistance. In addition, the SASPs minorly contribute to the resistance of nitrous acid. Surprisingly, the combined deletion of sspA and sspB prevented spore formation. Overall, our data indicate that UV resistance of C. difficile spores is dependent on SspA and that SspA and SspB regulate/serve as a checkpoint for spore formation, a previously unreported function of SASPs.
format	article
author	Hailee N Nerber Joseph A Sorg
author_facet	Hailee N Nerber Joseph A Sorg
author_sort	Hailee N Nerber
title	The small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.
title_short	The small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.
title_full	The small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.
title_fullStr	The small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.
title_full_unstemmed	The small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.
title_sort	small acid-soluble proteins of clostridioides difficile are important for uv resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/150a29799c0c496488e02d49574b0341
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The small acid-soluble proteins of Clostridioides difficile are important for UV resistance and serve as a check point for sporulation.

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