Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.

Protected areas (PAs) are a cornerstone of conservation efforts and now cover nearly 13% of the world's land surface, with the world's governments committed to expand this to 17%. However, as biodiversity continues to decline, the effectiveness of PAs in reducing the extinction risk of spe...

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Autores principales:	Stuart H M Butchart, Jörn P W Scharlemann, Mike I Evans, Suhel Quader, Salvatore Aricò, Julius Arinaitwe, Mark Balman, Leon A Bennun, Bastian Bertzky, Charles Besançon, Timothy M Boucher, Thomas M Brooks, Ian J Burfield, Neil D Burgess, Simba Chan, Rob P Clay, Mike J Crosby, Nicholas C Davidson, Naamal De Silva, Christian Devenish, Guy C L Dutson, David F Día Z Fernández, Lincoln D C Fishpool, Claire Fitzgerald, Matt Foster, Melanie F Heath, Marc Hockings, Michael Hoffmann, David Knox, Frank W Larsen, John F Lamoreux, Colby Loucks, Ian May, James Millett, Dominic Molloy, Paul Morling, Mike Parr, Taylor H Ricketts, Nathalie Seddon, Benjamin Skolnik, Simon N Stuart, Amy Upgren, Stephen Woodley
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/152b1dbda72f4d3486dbe1048ca94815
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:152b1dbda72f4d3486dbe1048ca948152021-11-18T07:24:37ZProtecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0032529https://doaj.org/article/152b1dbda72f4d3486dbe1048ca948152012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22457717/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Protected areas (PAs) are a cornerstone of conservation efforts and now cover nearly 13% of the world's land surface, with the world's governments committed to expand this to 17%. However, as biodiversity continues to decline, the effectiveness of PAs in reducing the extinction risk of species remains largely untested. We analyzed PA coverage and trends in species' extinction risk at globally significant sites for conserving birds (10,993 Important Bird Areas, IBAs) and highly threatened vertebrates and conifers (588 Alliance for Zero Extinction sites, AZEs) (referred to collectively hereafter as 'important sites'). Species occurring in important sites with greater PA coverage experienced smaller increases in extinction risk over recent decades: the increase was half as large for bird species with>50% of the IBAs at which they occur completely covered by PAs, and a third lower for birds, mammals and amphibians restricted to protected AZEs (compared with unprotected or partially protected sites). Globally, half of the important sites for biodiversity conservation remain unprotected (49% of IBAs, 51% of AZEs). While PA coverage of important sites has increased over time, the proportion of PA area covering important sites, as opposed to less important land, has declined (by 0.45-1.14% annually since 1950 for IBAs and 0.79-1.49% annually for AZEs). Thus, while appropriately located PAs may slow the rate at which species are driven towards extinction, recent PA network expansion has under-represented important sites. We conclude that better targeted expansion of PA networks would help to improve biodiversity trends.Stuart H M ButchartJörn P W ScharlemannMike I EvansSuhel QuaderSalvatore AricòJulius ArinaitweMark BalmanLeon A BennunBastian BertzkyCharles BesançonTimothy M BoucherThomas M BrooksIan J BurfieldNeil D BurgessSimba ChanRob P ClayMike J CrosbyNicholas C DavidsonNaamal De SilvaChristian DevenishGuy C L DutsonDavid F Día Z FernándezLincoln D C FishpoolClaire FitzgeraldMatt FosterMelanie F HeathMarc HockingsMichael HoffmannDavid KnoxFrank W LarsenJohn F LamoreuxColby LoucksIan MayJames MillettDominic MolloyPaul MorlingMike ParrTaylor H RickettsNathalie SeddonBenjamin SkolnikSimon N StuartAmy UpgrenStephen WoodleyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 3, p e32529 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Stuart H M Butchart Jörn P W Scharlemann Mike I Evans Suhel Quader Salvatore Aricò Julius Arinaitwe Mark Balman Leon A Bennun Bastian Bertzky Charles Besançon Timothy M Boucher Thomas M Brooks Ian J Burfield Neil D Burgess Simba Chan Rob P Clay Mike J Crosby Nicholas C Davidson Naamal De Silva Christian Devenish Guy C L Dutson David F Día Z Fernández Lincoln D C Fishpool Claire Fitzgerald Matt Foster Melanie F Heath Marc Hockings Michael Hoffmann David Knox Frank W Larsen John F Lamoreux Colby Loucks Ian May James Millett Dominic Molloy Paul Morling Mike Parr Taylor H Ricketts Nathalie Seddon Benjamin Skolnik Simon N Stuart Amy Upgren Stephen Woodley Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.
description	Protected areas (PAs) are a cornerstone of conservation efforts and now cover nearly 13% of the world's land surface, with the world's governments committed to expand this to 17%. However, as biodiversity continues to decline, the effectiveness of PAs in reducing the extinction risk of species remains largely untested. We analyzed PA coverage and trends in species' extinction risk at globally significant sites for conserving birds (10,993 Important Bird Areas, IBAs) and highly threatened vertebrates and conifers (588 Alliance for Zero Extinction sites, AZEs) (referred to collectively hereafter as 'important sites'). Species occurring in important sites with greater PA coverage experienced smaller increases in extinction risk over recent decades: the increase was half as large for bird species with>50% of the IBAs at which they occur completely covered by PAs, and a third lower for birds, mammals and amphibians restricted to protected AZEs (compared with unprotected or partially protected sites). Globally, half of the important sites for biodiversity conservation remain unprotected (49% of IBAs, 51% of AZEs). While PA coverage of important sites has increased over time, the proportion of PA area covering important sites, as opposed to less important land, has declined (by 0.45-1.14% annually since 1950 for IBAs and 0.79-1.49% annually for AZEs). Thus, while appropriately located PAs may slow the rate at which species are driven towards extinction, recent PA network expansion has under-represented important sites. We conclude that better targeted expansion of PA networks would help to improve biodiversity trends.
format	article
author	Stuart H M Butchart Jörn P W Scharlemann Mike I Evans Suhel Quader Salvatore Aricò Julius Arinaitwe Mark Balman Leon A Bennun Bastian Bertzky Charles Besançon Timothy M Boucher Thomas M Brooks Ian J Burfield Neil D Burgess Simba Chan Rob P Clay Mike J Crosby Nicholas C Davidson Naamal De Silva Christian Devenish Guy C L Dutson David F Día Z Fernández Lincoln D C Fishpool Claire Fitzgerald Matt Foster Melanie F Heath Marc Hockings Michael Hoffmann David Knox Frank W Larsen John F Lamoreux Colby Loucks Ian May James Millett Dominic Molloy Paul Morling Mike Parr Taylor H Ricketts Nathalie Seddon Benjamin Skolnik Simon N Stuart Amy Upgren Stephen Woodley
author_facet	Stuart H M Butchart Jörn P W Scharlemann Mike I Evans Suhel Quader Salvatore Aricò Julius Arinaitwe Mark Balman Leon A Bennun Bastian Bertzky Charles Besançon Timothy M Boucher Thomas M Brooks Ian J Burfield Neil D Burgess Simba Chan Rob P Clay Mike J Crosby Nicholas C Davidson Naamal De Silva Christian Devenish Guy C L Dutson David F Día Z Fernández Lincoln D C Fishpool Claire Fitzgerald Matt Foster Melanie F Heath Marc Hockings Michael Hoffmann David Knox Frank W Larsen John F Lamoreux Colby Loucks Ian May James Millett Dominic Molloy Paul Morling Mike Parr Taylor H Ricketts Nathalie Seddon Benjamin Skolnik Simon N Stuart Amy Upgren Stephen Woodley
author_sort	Stuart H M Butchart
title	Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.
title_short	Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.
title_full	Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.
title_fullStr	Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.
title_full_unstemmed	Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.
title_sort	protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/152b1dbda72f4d3486dbe1048ca94815
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Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets.

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