Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria

Abstract The modern nitrogen cycle consists of a web of microbially mediated redox transformations. Among the most crucial reactions in this cycle is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, an obligately aerobic process performed by a limited number of lineages of bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). As t...

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Autores principales:	L. M. Ward, D. T. Johnston, P. M. Shih
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/152eeb90747b41c2a9c7673414de9dbb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:152eeb90747b41c2a9c7673414de9dbb2021-12-02T13:56:55ZPhanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria10.1038/s41598-021-81718-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/152eeb90747b41c2a9c7673414de9dbb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81718-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The modern nitrogen cycle consists of a web of microbially mediated redox transformations. Among the most crucial reactions in this cycle is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, an obligately aerobic process performed by a limited number of lineages of bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). As this process has an absolute requirement for O2, the timing of its evolution—especially as it relates to the Great Oxygenation Event ~ 2.3 billion years ago—remains contested and is pivotal to our understanding of nutrient cycles. To estimate the antiquity of bacterial ammonia oxidation, we performed phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses of AOB. Surprisingly, bacterial ammonia oxidation appears quite young, with crown group clades having originated during Neoproterozoic time (or later) with major radiations occurring during Paleozoic time. These results place the evolution of AOB broadly coincident with the pervasive oxygenation of the deep ocean. The late evolution AOB challenges earlier interpretations of the ancient nitrogen isotope record, predicts a more substantial role for AOA during Precambrian time, and may have implications for understanding of the size and structure of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle through geologic time.L. M. WardD. T. JohnstonP. M. ShihNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q L. M. Ward D. T. Johnston P. M. Shih Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
description	Abstract The modern nitrogen cycle consists of a web of microbially mediated redox transformations. Among the most crucial reactions in this cycle is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, an obligately aerobic process performed by a limited number of lineages of bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). As this process has an absolute requirement for O2, the timing of its evolution—especially as it relates to the Great Oxygenation Event ~ 2.3 billion years ago—remains contested and is pivotal to our understanding of nutrient cycles. To estimate the antiquity of bacterial ammonia oxidation, we performed phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses of AOB. Surprisingly, bacterial ammonia oxidation appears quite young, with crown group clades having originated during Neoproterozoic time (or later) with major radiations occurring during Paleozoic time. These results place the evolution of AOB broadly coincident with the pervasive oxygenation of the deep ocean. The late evolution AOB challenges earlier interpretations of the ancient nitrogen isotope record, predicts a more substantial role for AOA during Precambrian time, and may have implications for understanding of the size and structure of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle through geologic time.
format	article
author	L. M. Ward D. T. Johnston P. M. Shih
author_facet	L. M. Ward D. T. Johnston P. M. Shih
author_sort	L. M. Ward
title	Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
title_short	Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
title_full	Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
title_fullStr	Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
title_full_unstemmed	Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
title_sort	phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/152eeb90747b41c2a9c7673414de9dbb
work_keys_str_mv	AT lmward phanerozoicradiationofammoniaoxidizingbacteria AT dtjohnston phanerozoicradiationofammoniaoxidizingbacteria AT pmshih phanerozoicradiationofammoniaoxidizingbacteria
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Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria

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