A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens to undermine nearly a century of progress since the first use of antimicrobial compounds. There is an increasing recognition of the links between antimicrobial use and AMR in humans, animals, and the environment (i.e., One Health) and the spread of AMR betwee...

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Autores principales:	Keerthana Rajagopal, Sujith J. Chandy, Jay P. Graham
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	community-acquired antimicrobial resistance <i>Escherichia coli</i> One Health India Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1582a0fd4afd479dac882a124e4459ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1582a0fd4afd479dac882a124e4459ea2021-11-25T17:51:01ZA One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India10.3390/ijerph1822120891660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/1582a0fd4afd479dac882a124e4459ea2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/12089https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens to undermine nearly a century of progress since the first use of antimicrobial compounds. There is an increasing recognition of the links between antimicrobial use and AMR in humans, animals, and the environment (i.e., One Health) and the spread of AMR between these domains and around the globe. This systematic review applies a One Health approach—including humans, animals, and the environment—to characterize AMR in <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India. <i>E. coli</i> is an ideal species because it is readily shared between humans and animals, its transmission can be tracked more easily than anaerobes, it can survive and grow outside of the host environment, and it can mobilize AMR genes more easily than other intestinal bacteria. This review synthesized evidence from 38 studies examining antimicrobial-resistant <i>E. coli</i> (AR-E) across India. Studies of AR-E came from 18 states, isolated from different sample sources: Humans (<i>n</i> = 7), animals (<i>n</i> = 7), the environment (<i>n</i> = 20), and combinations of these categories, defined as interdisciplinary (<i>n</i> = 4). Several studies measured the prevalence of AMR in relation to last-line antimicrobials, including carbapenems (<i>n</i> = 11), third-generation cephalosporins (<i>n</i> = 18), and colistin (<i>n</i> = 4). Most studies included only one dimension of the One Health framework, highlighting the need for more studies that aim to characterize the relationship of AMR across different reservoirs of <i>E. coli</i>.Keerthana RajagopalSujith J. ChandyJay P. GrahamMDPI AGarticlecommunity-acquiredantimicrobial resistance<i>Escherichia coli</i>One HealthIndiaMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 12089, p 12089 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	community-acquired antimicrobial resistance <i>Escherichia coli</i> One Health India Medicine R
spellingShingle	community-acquired antimicrobial resistance <i>Escherichia coli</i> One Health India Medicine R Keerthana Rajagopal Sujith J. Chandy Jay P. Graham A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India
description	Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens to undermine nearly a century of progress since the first use of antimicrobial compounds. There is an increasing recognition of the links between antimicrobial use and AMR in humans, animals, and the environment (i.e., One Health) and the spread of AMR between these domains and around the globe. This systematic review applies a One Health approach—including humans, animals, and the environment—to characterize AMR in <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India. <i>E. coli</i> is an ideal species because it is readily shared between humans and animals, its transmission can be tracked more easily than anaerobes, it can survive and grow outside of the host environment, and it can mobilize AMR genes more easily than other intestinal bacteria. This review synthesized evidence from 38 studies examining antimicrobial-resistant <i>E. coli</i> (AR-E) across India. Studies of AR-E came from 18 states, isolated from different sample sources: Humans (<i>n</i> = 7), animals (<i>n</i> = 7), the environment (<i>n</i> = 20), and combinations of these categories, defined as interdisciplinary (<i>n</i> = 4). Several studies measured the prevalence of AMR in relation to last-line antimicrobials, including carbapenems (<i>n</i> = 11), third-generation cephalosporins (<i>n</i> = 18), and colistin (<i>n</i> = 4). Most studies included only one dimension of the One Health framework, highlighting the need for more studies that aim to characterize the relationship of AMR across different reservoirs of <i>E. coli</i>.
format	article
author	Keerthana Rajagopal Sujith J. Chandy Jay P. Graham
author_facet	Keerthana Rajagopal Sujith J. Chandy Jay P. Graham
author_sort	Keerthana Rajagopal
title	A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India
title_short	A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India
title_full	A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India
title_fullStr	A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India
title_full_unstemmed	A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India
title_sort	one health review of community-acquired antimicrobial-resistant <i>escherichia coli</i> in india
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1582a0fd4afd479dac882a124e4459ea
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A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> in India

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