Geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves

Leaf shape is a key plant trait that varies enormously. The range of applications for data on this trait requires frequent methodological development so that researchers have an up-to-date toolkit with which to quantify leaf shape. We generated a dataset of 468 leaves produced by Ginkgo biloba, and...

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Autores principales:	Haibin Hang, Martin Bauer, Washington Mio, Luke Mander
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	The Royal Society 2021
Materias:	biological shape plant traits morphometric methods elastic curves persistent homology Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/15c1b8a265624a89b87f8e23e1cd9cd7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:15c1b8a265624a89b87f8e23e1cd9cd72021-11-24T08:05:47ZGeometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves10.1098/rsos.2109782054-5703https://doaj.org/article/15c1b8a265624a89b87f8e23e1cd9cd72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.210978https://doaj.org/toc/2054-5703Leaf shape is a key plant trait that varies enormously. The range of applications for data on this trait requires frequent methodological development so that researchers have an up-to-date toolkit with which to quantify leaf shape. We generated a dataset of 468 leaves produced by Ginkgo biloba, and 24 fossil leaves produced by evolutionary relatives of extant Ginkgo. We quantified the shape of each leaf by developing a geometric method based on elastic curves and a topological method based on persistent homology. Our geometric method indicates that shape variation in modern leaves is dominated by leaf size, furrow depth and the angle of the two lobes at the leaf base that is also related to leaf width. Our topological method indicates that shape variation in modern leaves is dominated by leaf size and furrow depth. We have applied both methods to modern and fossil material: the methods are complementary, identifying similar primary patterns of variation, but also revealing different aspects of morphological variation. Our topological approach distinguishes long-shoot leaves from short-shoot leaves, both methods indicate that leaf shape influences or is at least related to leaf area, and both could be applied in palaeoclimatic and evolutionary studies of leaf shape.Haibin HangMartin BauerWashington MioLuke ManderThe Royal Societyarticlebiological shapeplant traitsmorphometric methodselastic curvespersistent homologyScienceQENRoyal Society Open Science, Vol 8, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biological shape plant traits morphometric methods elastic curves persistent homology Science Q
spellingShingle	biological shape plant traits morphometric methods elastic curves persistent homology Science Q Haibin Hang Martin Bauer Washington Mio Luke Mander Geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves
description	Leaf shape is a key plant trait that varies enormously. The range of applications for data on this trait requires frequent methodological development so that researchers have an up-to-date toolkit with which to quantify leaf shape. We generated a dataset of 468 leaves produced by Ginkgo biloba, and 24 fossil leaves produced by evolutionary relatives of extant Ginkgo. We quantified the shape of each leaf by developing a geometric method based on elastic curves and a topological method based on persistent homology. Our geometric method indicates that shape variation in modern leaves is dominated by leaf size, furrow depth and the angle of the two lobes at the leaf base that is also related to leaf width. Our topological method indicates that shape variation in modern leaves is dominated by leaf size and furrow depth. We have applied both methods to modern and fossil material: the methods are complementary, identifying similar primary patterns of variation, but also revealing different aspects of morphological variation. Our topological approach distinguishes long-shoot leaves from short-shoot leaves, both methods indicate that leaf shape influences or is at least related to leaf area, and both could be applied in palaeoclimatic and evolutionary studies of leaf shape.
format	article
author	Haibin Hang Martin Bauer Washington Mio Luke Mander
author_facet	Haibin Hang Martin Bauer Washington Mio Luke Mander
author_sort	Haibin Hang
title	Geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves
title_short	Geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves
title_full	Geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves
title_fullStr	Geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves
title_full_unstemmed	Geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves
title_sort	geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">ginkgo</italic> leaves
publisher	The Royal Society
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/15c1b8a265624a89b87f8e23e1cd9cd7
work_keys_str_mv	AT haibinhang geometricandtopologicalapproachestoshapevariationinitalictoggleyesginkgoitalicleaves AT martinbauer geometricandtopologicalapproachestoshapevariationinitalictoggleyesginkgoitalicleaves AT washingtonmio geometricandtopologicalapproachestoshapevariationinitalictoggleyesginkgoitalicleaves AT lukemander geometricandtopologicalapproachestoshapevariationinitalictoggleyesginkgoitalicleaves
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Geometric and topological approaches to shape variation in <italic toggle="yes">Ginkgo</italic> leaves

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