A train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system
Mariana G Figueiro, Andrew Bierman, Mark S ReaLighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USAAbstract: A model of circadian phototransduction was published in 2005 to predict the spectral sensitivity of the human circadian system to narrow-band and polychromatic light sourc...
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Dove Medical Press
2013
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oai:doaj.org-article:1620da9fa50841b293b792e01feafa092021-12-02T00:22:35ZA train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system1179-1608https://doaj.org/article/1620da9fa50841b293b792e01feafa092013-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/a-train-of-blue-light-pulses-delivered-through-closed-eyelids-suppress-a14585https://doaj.org/toc/1179-1608Mariana G Figueiro, Andrew Bierman, Mark S ReaLighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USAAbstract: A model of circadian phototransduction was published in 2005 to predict the spectral sensitivity of the human circadian system to narrow-band and polychromatic light sources by combining responses to light from the spectral-opponent “blue” versus “yellow” cone bipolar pathway with direct responses to light by the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. In the model, depolarizing “blue” responses, but not hyperpolarizing “yellow” responses, from the “blue” versus “yellow” pathway are combined with the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell responses. Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell neurons are known to be much slower to respond to light than the cone pathway, so an implication of the model is that periodic flashes of “blue” light, but not “yellow” light, would be effective for stimulating the circadian system. A within-subjects study was designed to test the implications of the model regarding retinal exposures to brief flashes of light. The study was also aimed at broadening the foundation for clinical treatment of circadian sleep disorders by delivering flashing light through closed eyelids while people were asleep. In addition to a dark control night, the eyelids of 16 subjects were exposed to three light-stimulus conditions in the phase delay portion of the phase response curve while they were asleep: (1) 2-second flashes of 111 W/m2 of blue (λmax ≈ 480 nm) light once every minute for 1 hour, (2) 131 W/m2 of green (λmax ≈ 527 nm) light, continuously on for 1 hour, and (3) 2-second flashes of the same green light once every minute for 1 hour. Inferential statistics showed that the blue flash light-stimulus condition significantly delayed circadian phase and significantly suppressed nocturnal melatonin. The results of this study further our basic understanding of circadian phototransduction and broaden the technical foundations for delivering light through closed eyelids during sleep for treating circadian sleep disorders.Keywords: melatonin, dim light melatonin onset, eyelids, flashing blue light, circadian rhythms, sleepFigueiro MGBierman ARea MSDove Medical PressarticlePsychiatryRC435-571Neurophysiology and neuropsychologyQP351-495ENNature and Science of Sleep, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 133-141 (2013) |
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DOAJ |
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DOAJ |
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EN |
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Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 |
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Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 Figueiro MG Bierman A Rea MS A train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system |
| description |
Mariana G Figueiro, Andrew Bierman, Mark S ReaLighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USAAbstract: A model of circadian phototransduction was published in 2005 to predict the spectral sensitivity of the human circadian system to narrow-band and polychromatic light sources by combining responses to light from the spectral-opponent “blue” versus “yellow” cone bipolar pathway with direct responses to light by the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. In the model, depolarizing “blue” responses, but not hyperpolarizing “yellow” responses, from the “blue” versus “yellow” pathway are combined with the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell responses. Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell neurons are known to be much slower to respond to light than the cone pathway, so an implication of the model is that periodic flashes of “blue” light, but not “yellow” light, would be effective for stimulating the circadian system. A within-subjects study was designed to test the implications of the model regarding retinal exposures to brief flashes of light. The study was also aimed at broadening the foundation for clinical treatment of circadian sleep disorders by delivering flashing light through closed eyelids while people were asleep. In addition to a dark control night, the eyelids of 16 subjects were exposed to three light-stimulus conditions in the phase delay portion of the phase response curve while they were asleep: (1) 2-second flashes of 111 W/m2 of blue (λmax ≈ 480 nm) light once every minute for 1 hour, (2) 131 W/m2 of green (λmax ≈ 527 nm) light, continuously on for 1 hour, and (3) 2-second flashes of the same green light once every minute for 1 hour. Inferential statistics showed that the blue flash light-stimulus condition significantly delayed circadian phase and significantly suppressed nocturnal melatonin. The results of this study further our basic understanding of circadian phototransduction and broaden the technical foundations for delivering light through closed eyelids during sleep for treating circadian sleep disorders.Keywords: melatonin, dim light melatonin onset, eyelids, flashing blue light, circadian rhythms, sleep |
| format |
article |
| author |
Figueiro MG Bierman A Rea MS |
| author_facet |
Figueiro MG Bierman A Rea MS |
| author_sort |
Figueiro MG |
| title |
A train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system |
| title_short |
A train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system |
| title_full |
A train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system |
| title_fullStr |
A train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system |
| title_sort |
train of blue light pulses delivered through closed eyelids suppresses melatonin and phase shifts the human circadian system |
| publisher |
Dove Medical Press |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/1620da9fa50841b293b792e01feafa09 |
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