Recurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance.
<h4>Background</h4>Approach and avoidance behavior provide a means for assessing the rewarding or aversive value of stimuli, and can be quantified by a keypress procedure whereby subjects work to increase (approach), decrease (avoid), or do nothing about time of exposure to a rewarding/a...
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2010
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oai:doaj.org-article:164d7757686c453ab8044ff2f44d0dbe2021-12-02T20:21:20ZRecurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0010613https://doaj.org/article/164d7757686c453ab8044ff2f44d0dbe2010-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20532247/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Approach and avoidance behavior provide a means for assessing the rewarding or aversive value of stimuli, and can be quantified by a keypress procedure whereby subjects work to increase (approach), decrease (avoid), or do nothing about time of exposure to a rewarding/aversive stimulus. To investigate whether approach/avoidance behavior might be governed by quantitative principles that meet engineering criteria for lawfulness and that encode known features of reward/aversion function, we evaluated whether keypress responses toward pictures with potential motivational value produced any regular patterns, such as a trade-off between approach and avoidance, or recurrent lawful patterns as observed with prospect theory.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Three sets of experiments employed this task with beautiful face images, a standardized set of affective photographs, and pictures of food during controlled states of hunger and satiety. An iterative modeling approach to data identified multiple law-like patterns, based on variables grounded in the individual. These patterns were consistent across stimulus types, robust to noise, describable by a simple power law, and scalable between individuals and groups. Patterns included: (i) a preference trade-off counterbalancing approach and avoidance, (ii) a value function linking preference intensity to uncertainty about preference, and (iii) a saturation function linking preference intensity to its standard deviation, thereby setting limits to both.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>These law-like patterns were compatible with critical features of prospect theory, the matching law, and alliesthesia. Furthermore, they appeared consistent with both mean-variance and expected utility approaches to the assessment of risk. Ordering of responses across categories of stimuli demonstrated three properties thought to be relevant for preference-based choice, suggesting these patterns might be grouped together as a relative preference theory. Since variables in these patterns have been associated with reward circuitry structure and function, they may provide a method for quantitative phenotyping of normative and pathological function (e.g., psychiatric illness).Byoung Woo KimDavid N KennedyJoseph LehárMyung Joo LeeAnne J BloodSang LeeRoy H PerlisJordan W SmollerRobert MorrisMaurizio FavaHans C BreiterPhenotype Genotype Project in Addiction and Mood Disorders (PGP)Public Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 5, p e10613 (2010) |
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Medicine R Science Q Byoung Woo Kim David N Kennedy Joseph Lehár Myung Joo Lee Anne J Blood Sang Lee Roy H Perlis Jordan W Smoller Robert Morris Maurizio Fava Hans C Breiter Phenotype Genotype Project in Addiction and Mood Disorders (PGP) Recurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance. |
| description |
<h4>Background</h4>Approach and avoidance behavior provide a means for assessing the rewarding or aversive value of stimuli, and can be quantified by a keypress procedure whereby subjects work to increase (approach), decrease (avoid), or do nothing about time of exposure to a rewarding/aversive stimulus. To investigate whether approach/avoidance behavior might be governed by quantitative principles that meet engineering criteria for lawfulness and that encode known features of reward/aversion function, we evaluated whether keypress responses toward pictures with potential motivational value produced any regular patterns, such as a trade-off between approach and avoidance, or recurrent lawful patterns as observed with prospect theory.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Three sets of experiments employed this task with beautiful face images, a standardized set of affective photographs, and pictures of food during controlled states of hunger and satiety. An iterative modeling approach to data identified multiple law-like patterns, based on variables grounded in the individual. These patterns were consistent across stimulus types, robust to noise, describable by a simple power law, and scalable between individuals and groups. Patterns included: (i) a preference trade-off counterbalancing approach and avoidance, (ii) a value function linking preference intensity to uncertainty about preference, and (iii) a saturation function linking preference intensity to its standard deviation, thereby setting limits to both.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>These law-like patterns were compatible with critical features of prospect theory, the matching law, and alliesthesia. Furthermore, they appeared consistent with both mean-variance and expected utility approaches to the assessment of risk. Ordering of responses across categories of stimuli demonstrated three properties thought to be relevant for preference-based choice, suggesting these patterns might be grouped together as a relative preference theory. Since variables in these patterns have been associated with reward circuitry structure and function, they may provide a method for quantitative phenotyping of normative and pathological function (e.g., psychiatric illness). |
| format |
article |
| author |
Byoung Woo Kim David N Kennedy Joseph Lehár Myung Joo Lee Anne J Blood Sang Lee Roy H Perlis Jordan W Smoller Robert Morris Maurizio Fava Hans C Breiter Phenotype Genotype Project in Addiction and Mood Disorders (PGP) |
| author_facet |
Byoung Woo Kim David N Kennedy Joseph Lehár Myung Joo Lee Anne J Blood Sang Lee Roy H Perlis Jordan W Smoller Robert Morris Maurizio Fava Hans C Breiter Phenotype Genotype Project in Addiction and Mood Disorders (PGP) |
| author_sort |
Byoung Woo Kim |
| title |
Recurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance. |
| title_short |
Recurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance. |
| title_full |
Recurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance. |
| title_fullStr |
Recurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Recurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance. |
| title_sort |
recurrent, robust and scalable patterns underlie human approach and avoidance. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2010 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/164d7757686c453ab8044ff2f44d0dbe |
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