Effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).

Ocean acidification, due to anthropogenic CO₂ absorption by the ocean, may have profound impacts on marine biota. Calcareous organisms are expected to be particularly sensitive due to the decreasing availability of carbonate ions driven by decreasing pH levels. Recently, some studies focused on the...

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Autores principales:	Frédéric Gazeau, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Mervyn Greaves, Henry Elderfield, Jan Peene, Carlo H R Heip, Jack J Middelburg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1656118ddbb04d95b3db4e896f8125a9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1656118ddbb04d95b3db4e896f8125a92021-11-18T06:48:14ZEffect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0023010https://doaj.org/article/1656118ddbb04d95b3db4e896f8125a92011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21860666/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Ocean acidification, due to anthropogenic CO₂ absorption by the ocean, may have profound impacts on marine biota. Calcareous organisms are expected to be particularly sensitive due to the decreasing availability of carbonate ions driven by decreasing pH levels. Recently, some studies focused on the early life stages of mollusks that are supposedly more sensitive to environmental disturbances than adult stages. Although these studies have shown decreased growth rates and increased proportions of abnormal development under low pH conditions, they did not allow attribution to pH induced changes in physiology or changes due to a decrease in aragonite saturation state. This study aims to assess the impact of several carbonate-system perturbations on the growth of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae during the first 3 days of development (until shelled D-veliger larvae). Seawater with five different chemistries was obtained by separately manipulating pH, total alkalinity and aragonite saturation state (calcium addition). Results showed that the developmental success and growth rates were not directly affected by changes in pH or aragonite saturation state but were highly correlated with the availability of carbonate ions. In contrast to previous studies, both developmental success into viable D-shaped larvae and growth rates were not significantly altered as long as carbonate ion concentrations were above aragonite saturation levels, but they strongly decreased below saturation levels. These results suggest that the mechanisms used by these organisms to regulate calcification rates are not efficient enough to compensate for the low availability of carbonate ions under corrosive conditions.Frédéric GazeauJean-Pierre GattusoMervyn GreavesHenry ElderfieldJan PeeneCarlo H R HeipJack J MiddelburgPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 8, p e23010 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Frédéric Gazeau Jean-Pierre Gattuso Mervyn Greaves Henry Elderfield Jan Peene Carlo H R Heip Jack J Middelburg Effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).
description	Ocean acidification, due to anthropogenic CO₂ absorption by the ocean, may have profound impacts on marine biota. Calcareous organisms are expected to be particularly sensitive due to the decreasing availability of carbonate ions driven by decreasing pH levels. Recently, some studies focused on the early life stages of mollusks that are supposedly more sensitive to environmental disturbances than adult stages. Although these studies have shown decreased growth rates and increased proportions of abnormal development under low pH conditions, they did not allow attribution to pH induced changes in physiology or changes due to a decrease in aragonite saturation state. This study aims to assess the impact of several carbonate-system perturbations on the growth of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae during the first 3 days of development (until shelled D-veliger larvae). Seawater with five different chemistries was obtained by separately manipulating pH, total alkalinity and aragonite saturation state (calcium addition). Results showed that the developmental success and growth rates were not directly affected by changes in pH or aragonite saturation state but were highly correlated with the availability of carbonate ions. In contrast to previous studies, both developmental success into viable D-shaped larvae and growth rates were not significantly altered as long as carbonate ion concentrations were above aragonite saturation levels, but they strongly decreased below saturation levels. These results suggest that the mechanisms used by these organisms to regulate calcification rates are not efficient enough to compensate for the low availability of carbonate ions under corrosive conditions.
format	article
author	Frédéric Gazeau Jean-Pierre Gattuso Mervyn Greaves Henry Elderfield Jan Peene Carlo H R Heip Jack J Middelburg
author_facet	Frédéric Gazeau Jean-Pierre Gattuso Mervyn Greaves Henry Elderfield Jan Peene Carlo H R Heip Jack J Middelburg
author_sort	Frédéric Gazeau
title	Effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).
title_short	Effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).
title_full	Effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).
title_fullStr	Effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).
title_sort	effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/1656118ddbb04d95b3db4e896f8125a9
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Effect of carbonate chemistry alteration on the early embryonic development of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).

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