Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Natalia Szejko,1– 4 Kirsten R Müller-Vahl2 1Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; 2Clinic of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; 3Department of Neurology, Medical Univer...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Szejko N, Müller-Vahl KR
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	tourette syndrome obsessive-compulsive disorder obsessive-compulsive behavior comorbidities tics Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1687eb7597be4635953b6fa3326cfaa1
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:1687eb7597be4635953b6fa3326cfaa1
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1687eb7597be4635953b6fa3326cfaa12021-12-02T16:54:19ZChallenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/1687eb7597be4635953b6fa3326cfaa12021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/challenges-in-the-diagnosis-and-assessment-in-patients-with-tourette-s-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Natalia Szejko,1– 4 Kirsten R Müller-Vahl2 1Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; 2Clinic of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; 3Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; 4Department of Bioethics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandCorrespondence: Natalia SzejkoDivision of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Yale University, 15 Lock Street, New Haven, CT, USAEmail natalia.szejko@yale.eduAbstract: Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by the presence of vocal and motor tics with an onset in childhood. In almost 80% of patients psychiatric comorbidities coexist, particularly, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or behavior (OCB), depression, anxiety, rage attacks, and self-injurious behaviour (SIB). In this review, we discuss current state of the art regarding diagnosis and assessment of tics and OCD in patients with TS as well as challenges related to differential diagnosis between tics and OCD-related phenomena based on a systematic literature search. While in most cases clinical symptoms can be easily classified as either tics or OCB/OCD, some phenomena lay on the frontier between tics and compulsions/obsessions. For example, compulsions may resemble tics and, vice versa, sequences of motor tics may be misdiagnosed as compulsions. Accordingly, the terms “compulsive tics” and “cognitive tics” have been introduced. The most common and typical OCD symptom in patients with TS are “just right” phenomena, which also may show an overlap with tics, since patients may perform tics repeatedly until this feeling is achieved. Similarly, repetitive behaviors in patients with TS may manifest in a more “tic-like” or a more “OCD-like” type. Furthermore, SIB shows similarities with both tics and OCD. Until today, it is unclear how to classify this symptom best, although from most recent research a closer relationship between SIB and tics is suggested. In this review, in addition, we illustrate differences of the clinical spectrum of OCD in patients with TS compared to those with “pure OCD” without tics. To assess tics, the revised version of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS-R) should be used, while for the assessment of OCD, the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Scale (Y-BOCS) is recommended. Finally, we briefly summarize treatment strategies for tics and OCB/OCD in patients with TS.Keywords: Tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessive-compulsive behavior, comorbidities, ticsSzejko NMüller-Vahl KRDove Medical Pressarticletourette syndromeobsessive-compulsive disorderobsessive-compulsive behaviorcomorbiditiesticsNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 17, Pp 1253-1266 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	tourette syndrome obsessive-compulsive disorder obsessive-compulsive behavior comorbidities tics Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	tourette syndrome obsessive-compulsive disorder obsessive-compulsive behavior comorbidities tics Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Szejko N Müller-Vahl KR Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
description	Natalia Szejko,1– 4 Kirsten R Müller-Vahl2 1Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; 2Clinic of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; 3Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; 4Department of Bioethics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandCorrespondence: Natalia SzejkoDivision of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Yale University, 15 Lock Street, New Haven, CT, USAEmail natalia.szejko@yale.eduAbstract: Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by the presence of vocal and motor tics with an onset in childhood. In almost 80% of patients psychiatric comorbidities coexist, particularly, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or behavior (OCB), depression, anxiety, rage attacks, and self-injurious behaviour (SIB). In this review, we discuss current state of the art regarding diagnosis and assessment of tics and OCD in patients with TS as well as challenges related to differential diagnosis between tics and OCD-related phenomena based on a systematic literature search. While in most cases clinical symptoms can be easily classified as either tics or OCB/OCD, some phenomena lay on the frontier between tics and compulsions/obsessions. For example, compulsions may resemble tics and, vice versa, sequences of motor tics may be misdiagnosed as compulsions. Accordingly, the terms “compulsive tics” and “cognitive tics” have been introduced. The most common and typical OCD symptom in patients with TS are “just right” phenomena, which also may show an overlap with tics, since patients may perform tics repeatedly until this feeling is achieved. Similarly, repetitive behaviors in patients with TS may manifest in a more “tic-like” or a more “OCD-like” type. Furthermore, SIB shows similarities with both tics and OCD. Until today, it is unclear how to classify this symptom best, although from most recent research a closer relationship between SIB and tics is suggested. In this review, in addition, we illustrate differences of the clinical spectrum of OCD in patients with TS compared to those with “pure OCD” without tics. To assess tics, the revised version of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS-R) should be used, while for the assessment of OCD, the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Scale (Y-BOCS) is recommended. Finally, we briefly summarize treatment strategies for tics and OCB/OCD in patients with TS.Keywords: Tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessive-compulsive behavior, comorbidities, tics
format	article
author	Szejko N Müller-Vahl KR
author_facet	Szejko N Müller-Vahl KR
author_sort	Szejko N
title	Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_short	Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_full	Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_fullStr	Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_full_unstemmed	Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_sort	challenges in the diagnosis and assessment in patients with tourette syndrome and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1687eb7597be4635953b6fa3326cfaa1
work_keys_str_mv	AT szejkon challengesinthediagnosisandassessmentinpatientswithtourettesyndromeandcomorbidobsessivecompulsivedisorder AT mullervahlkr challengesinthediagnosisandassessmentinpatientswithtourettesyndromeandcomorbidobsessivecompulsivedisorder
_version_	1718382841584156672

Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Ejemplares similares