Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels

# Background Water polo is characterised by unique skills and movements with high demands of both the upper and lower limb. There is growing recognition of the problems of shoulder and hip/groin symptoms in this population. # Purpose To quantify the prevalence of shoulder and hip/groin pain in wate...

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Autores principales:	Michael Girdwood, Marilyn Webster
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	North American Sports Medicine Institute 2021
Materias:	Sports medicine RC1200-1245
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/16a96d3bfc034fd1a277d0f6c5af1da1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:16a96d3bfc034fd1a277d0f6c5af1da12021-12-02T17:11:30ZQuantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels10.26603/001c.188012159-2896https://doaj.org/article/16a96d3bfc034fd1a277d0f6c5af1da12021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ijspt.scholasticahq.com/article/18801-quantifying-the-burden-of-shoulder-and-hip-pain-in-water-polo-players-across-different-playing-levels.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2159-2896# Background Water polo is characterised by unique skills and movements with high demands of both the upper and lower limb. There is growing recognition of the problems of shoulder and hip/groin symptoms in this population. # Purpose To quantify the prevalence of shoulder and hip/groin pain in water polo players, and to describe how performance and participation were impacted. Secondary aims investigated whether demographic or training variables were associated with levels of symptoms. # Design In-season, cross-sectional questionnaire study # Methods An online questionnaire was distributed to all adult levels of the Australian water polo community. Participants were asked about demographic and playing history, and then specific injury history at both the shoulder and hip/groin. Each respondent completed an Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) overuse injury questionnaire for the shoulder and hip/groin. Point prevalence and past history were calculated, as well as a morbidity score from OSTRC responses. Risk ratios were used to determine differences between playing levels and sex. # Results One hundred, fifty-three respondents completed the questionnaire (57% female). High rates of shoulder pain were reported (38.1% current, 81.2% past history), as well as hip/groin pain (33.1% current, 60.4% past history). Current shoulder pain was a risk factor for hip/groin pain (RR 1.99 (95%CI 1.27-3.12), and hip/groin pain was a risk factor for shoulder pain (RR 1.70 (95%CI 1.23-2.35). Elite-level athletes had higher prevalence (RR 1.87 [95%CI 1.01-3.46]) and past history of hip/groin pain (RR 1.76 [95%CI 1.32-2.36]). # Conclusions This is the first study to quantify high self-reported levels of hip/groin pain in water polo athletes. Such high levels may be explained by high amounts of eggbeater kick, especially during skeletal development in adolescence. Shoulder pain continues to be the most common source of injury burden in water polo. Future research should determine whether any modifiable risk factors exist that may reduce the burden of injury in this population. # Level of Evidence 2bMichael GirdwoodMarilyn WebsterNorth American Sports Medicine InstitutearticleSports medicineRC1200-1245ENInternational Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, Vol 16, Iss 1 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Sports medicine RC1200-1245
spellingShingle	Sports medicine RC1200-1245 Michael Girdwood Marilyn Webster Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels
description	# Background Water polo is characterised by unique skills and movements with high demands of both the upper and lower limb. There is growing recognition of the problems of shoulder and hip/groin symptoms in this population. # Purpose To quantify the prevalence of shoulder and hip/groin pain in water polo players, and to describe how performance and participation were impacted. Secondary aims investigated whether demographic or training variables were associated with levels of symptoms. # Design In-season, cross-sectional questionnaire study # Methods An online questionnaire was distributed to all adult levels of the Australian water polo community. Participants were asked about demographic and playing history, and then specific injury history at both the shoulder and hip/groin. Each respondent completed an Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) overuse injury questionnaire for the shoulder and hip/groin. Point prevalence and past history were calculated, as well as a morbidity score from OSTRC responses. Risk ratios were used to determine differences between playing levels and sex. # Results One hundred, fifty-three respondents completed the questionnaire (57% female). High rates of shoulder pain were reported (38.1% current, 81.2% past history), as well as hip/groin pain (33.1% current, 60.4% past history). Current shoulder pain was a risk factor for hip/groin pain (RR 1.99 (95%CI 1.27-3.12), and hip/groin pain was a risk factor for shoulder pain (RR 1.70 (95%CI 1.23-2.35). Elite-level athletes had higher prevalence (RR 1.87 [95%CI 1.01-3.46]) and past history of hip/groin pain (RR 1.76 [95%CI 1.32-2.36]). # Conclusions This is the first study to quantify high self-reported levels of hip/groin pain in water polo athletes. Such high levels may be explained by high amounts of eggbeater kick, especially during skeletal development in adolescence. Shoulder pain continues to be the most common source of injury burden in water polo. Future research should determine whether any modifiable risk factors exist that may reduce the burden of injury in this population. # Level of Evidence 2b
format	article
author	Michael Girdwood Marilyn Webster
author_facet	Michael Girdwood Marilyn Webster
author_sort	Michael Girdwood
title	Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels
title_short	Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels
title_full	Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels
title_fullStr	Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels
title_full_unstemmed	Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels
title_sort	quantifying the burden of shoulder and hip pain in water polo players across different playing levels
publisher	North American Sports Medicine Institute
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/16a96d3bfc034fd1a277d0f6c5af1da1
work_keys_str_mv	AT michaelgirdwood quantifyingtheburdenofshoulderandhippaininwaterpoloplayersacrossdifferentplayinglevels AT marilynwebster quantifyingtheburdenofshoulderandhippaininwaterpoloplayersacrossdifferentplayinglevels
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Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels

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