Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect

Solubility of phytochemicals is a major concern for drug delivery, permeability, and their biological response. However, advancements in the novel formulation technologies have been helping to overcome these challenges. The applications of these newer technologies are easy for commercialization and...

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Autores principales:	Abdulla Sherikar, Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique, Mahesh More, Sameer N. Goyal, Milan Milivojevic, Saad Alkahtani, Saud Alarifi, Md Saquib Hasnain, Amit Kumar Nayak
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Cytology QH573-671
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/16cc38a9421a4b678f0f3e970cbf0abb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:16cc38a9421a4b678f0f3e970cbf0abb2021-11-22T01:09:51ZPreparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect1942-099410.1155/2021/1818538https://doaj.org/article/16cc38a9421a4b678f0f3e970cbf0abb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1818538https://doaj.org/toc/1942-0994Solubility of phytochemicals is a major concern for drug delivery, permeability, and their biological response. However, advancements in the novel formulation technologies have been helping to overcome these challenges. The applications of these newer technologies are easy for commercialization and high therapeutic outcomes compared to conventional formulations. Considering these facts, the present study is aimed to prepare a silymarin-loaded eutectic mixture with three different ratios of Polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and evaluating their anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects. The preliminary phytochemical and characterization of silymarin, physical mixture, and solid dispersions suggested and successfully confirmed the formation of solid dispersion of silymarin with PVP K30. It was found that the solubility of silymarin was increased by 5-fold compared to pure silymarin. Moreover, the in vitro dissolution displayed that 83% of silymarin released within 2 h with 2.8-fold increase in dissolution rate compared to pure silymarin. Also, the in vivo study suggested that the formulation significantly reduced the carbon tetrachloride- (0.8620±0.05034∗∗ for 1 : 3 ratio), paracetamol- (0.7300±0.01517∗∗ for 1 : 3 ratio), and ethanol- (0.8100±0.04037∗∗ for 1 : 3 ratio) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Silymarin solid dispersion was prepared using homogenization methods that have prominent anti-inflammatory effect (0.6520±0.008602∗∗ with 8.33%) in carrageenan-induced rat paw model.Abdulla SherikarMohd Usman Mohd SiddiqueMahesh MoreSameer N. GoyalMilan MilivojevicSaad AlkahtaniSaud AlarifiMd Saquib HasnainAmit Kumar NayakHindawi LimitedarticleCytologyQH573-671ENOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Cytology QH573-671
spellingShingle	Cytology QH573-671 Abdulla Sherikar Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique Mahesh More Sameer N. Goyal Milan Milivojevic Saad Alkahtani Saud Alarifi Md Saquib Hasnain Amit Kumar Nayak Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect
description	Solubility of phytochemicals is a major concern for drug delivery, permeability, and their biological response. However, advancements in the novel formulation technologies have been helping to overcome these challenges. The applications of these newer technologies are easy for commercialization and high therapeutic outcomes compared to conventional formulations. Considering these facts, the present study is aimed to prepare a silymarin-loaded eutectic mixture with three different ratios of Polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and evaluating their anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects. The preliminary phytochemical and characterization of silymarin, physical mixture, and solid dispersions suggested and successfully confirmed the formation of solid dispersion of silymarin with PVP K30. It was found that the solubility of silymarin was increased by 5-fold compared to pure silymarin. Moreover, the in vitro dissolution displayed that 83% of silymarin released within 2 h with 2.8-fold increase in dissolution rate compared to pure silymarin. Also, the in vivo study suggested that the formulation significantly reduced the carbon tetrachloride- (0.8620±0.05034∗∗ for 1 : 3 ratio), paracetamol- (0.7300±0.01517∗∗ for 1 : 3 ratio), and ethanol- (0.8100±0.04037∗∗ for 1 : 3 ratio) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Silymarin solid dispersion was prepared using homogenization methods that have prominent anti-inflammatory effect (0.6520±0.008602∗∗ with 8.33%) in carrageenan-induced rat paw model.
format	article
author	Abdulla Sherikar Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique Mahesh More Sameer N. Goyal Milan Milivojevic Saad Alkahtani Saud Alarifi Md Saquib Hasnain Amit Kumar Nayak
author_facet	Abdulla Sherikar Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique Mahesh More Sameer N. Goyal Milan Milivojevic Saad Alkahtani Saud Alarifi Md Saquib Hasnain Amit Kumar Nayak
author_sort	Abdulla Sherikar
title	Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect
title_short	Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect
title_full	Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect
title_fullStr	Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect
title_sort	preparation and evaluation of silymarin-loaded solid eutectic for enhanced anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective effect: in vitro–in vivo prospect
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/16cc38a9421a4b678f0f3e970cbf0abb
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Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect

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