The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.

<h4>Background</h4>The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of wild animal populations is of crucial importance to wildlife managers and conservation biologists, but obtaining experimental evidence using real landscapes is usually impossible. To circumvent this...

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Autores principales:	Jacob Nabe-Nielsen, Richard M Sibly, Mads C Forchhammer, Valery E Forbes, Christopher J Topping
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/16d43d0f73a044dab344e9eb25338a75
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:16d43d0f73a044dab344e9eb25338a752021-11-25T06:26:18ZThe effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0008932https://doaj.org/article/16d43d0f73a044dab344e9eb25338a752010-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20126614/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of wild animal populations is of crucial importance to wildlife managers and conservation biologists, but obtaining experimental evidence using real landscapes is usually impossible. To circumvent this problem we used individual-based models (IBMs) of interacting animals in experimental modifications of a real Danish landscape. The models incorporate as much as possible of the behaviour and ecology of four species with contrasting life-history characteristics: skylark (Alauda arvensis), vole (Microtus agrestis), a ground beetle (Bembidion lampros) and a linyphiid spider (Erigone atra). This allows us to quantify the population implications of experimental modifications of landscape configuration and composition.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Starting with a real agricultural landscape, we progressively reduced landscape complexity by (i) homogenizing habitat patch shapes, (ii) randomizing the locations of the patches, and (iii) randomizing the size of the patches. The first two steps increased landscape fragmentation. We assessed the effects of these manipulations on the long-term persistence of animal populations by measuring equilibrium population sizes and time to recovery after disturbance. Patch rearrangement and the presence of corridors had a large effect on the population dynamics of species whose local success depends on the surrounding terrain. Landscape modifications that reduced population sizes increased recovery times in the short-dispersing species, making small populations vulnerable to increasing disturbance. The species that were most strongly affected by large disturbances fluctuated little in population sizes in years when no perturbations took place.<h4>Significance</h4>Traditional approaches to the management and conservation of populations use either classical methods of population analysis, which fail to adequately account for the spatial configurations of landscapes, or landscape ecology, which accounts for landscape structure but has difficulty predicting the dynamics of populations living in them. Here we show how realistic and replicable individual-based models can bridge the gap between non-spatial population theory and non-dynamic landscape ecology. A major strength of the approach is its ability to identify population vulnerabilities not detected by standard population viability analyses.Jacob Nabe-NielsenRichard M SiblyMads C ForchhammerValery E ForbesChristopher J ToppingPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 1, p e8932 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jacob Nabe-Nielsen Richard M Sibly Mads C Forchhammer Valery E Forbes Christopher J Topping The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of wild animal populations is of crucial importance to wildlife managers and conservation biologists, but obtaining experimental evidence using real landscapes is usually impossible. To circumvent this problem we used individual-based models (IBMs) of interacting animals in experimental modifications of a real Danish landscape. The models incorporate as much as possible of the behaviour and ecology of four species with contrasting life-history characteristics: skylark (Alauda arvensis), vole (Microtus agrestis), a ground beetle (Bembidion lampros) and a linyphiid spider (Erigone atra). This allows us to quantify the population implications of experimental modifications of landscape configuration and composition.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Starting with a real agricultural landscape, we progressively reduced landscape complexity by (i) homogenizing habitat patch shapes, (ii) randomizing the locations of the patches, and (iii) randomizing the size of the patches. The first two steps increased landscape fragmentation. We assessed the effects of these manipulations on the long-term persistence of animal populations by measuring equilibrium population sizes and time to recovery after disturbance. Patch rearrangement and the presence of corridors had a large effect on the population dynamics of species whose local success depends on the surrounding terrain. Landscape modifications that reduced population sizes increased recovery times in the short-dispersing species, making small populations vulnerable to increasing disturbance. The species that were most strongly affected by large disturbances fluctuated little in population sizes in years when no perturbations took place.<h4>Significance</h4>Traditional approaches to the management and conservation of populations use either classical methods of population analysis, which fail to adequately account for the spatial configurations of landscapes, or landscape ecology, which accounts for landscape structure but has difficulty predicting the dynamics of populations living in them. Here we show how realistic and replicable individual-based models can bridge the gap between non-spatial population theory and non-dynamic landscape ecology. A major strength of the approach is its ability to identify population vulnerabilities not detected by standard population viability analyses.
format	article
author	Jacob Nabe-Nielsen Richard M Sibly Mads C Forchhammer Valery E Forbes Christopher J Topping
author_facet	Jacob Nabe-Nielsen Richard M Sibly Mads C Forchhammer Valery E Forbes Christopher J Topping
author_sort	Jacob Nabe-Nielsen
title	The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.
title_short	The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.
title_full	The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.
title_fullStr	The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.
title_sort	effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/16d43d0f73a044dab344e9eb25338a75
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The effects of landscape modifications on the long-term persistence of animal populations.

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