The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the major pathologic feature of neovascular AMD. Oxidative damages and the ensuing chronic inflammation are representative of trigger events. Hydrogen gas (H<su...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:16df442d1f1f490eb38906a6e350f83c2021-11-11T17:26:59ZThe Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration10.3390/ijms2221120491422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/16df442d1f1f490eb38906a6e350f83c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/12049https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the major pathologic feature of neovascular AMD. Oxidative damages and the ensuing chronic inflammation are representative of trigger events. Hydrogen gas (H<sub>2</sub>) has been demonstrated as an antioxidant and plays a role in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. This experiment aimed to investigate the influence of H<sub>2</sub> inhalation on a mouse model of CNV. Methods: Laser was used to induce CNV formation. C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups: the control group; the laser-only group; and the 2 h, 5 h, and 2.5 h/2.5 h groups that received laser and H<sub>2</sub> inhalation (21% oxygen, 42% hydrogen, and 37% nitrogen mixture) for 2 h, 5 h, and 2.5 h twice every day, respectively. Results: The severity of CNV leakage on fluorescence angiography showed a significant decrease in the H<sub>2</sub> inhalation groups. The mRNA expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and its immediate downstream target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) showed significant elevation after laser, and this elevation was suppressed in the H<sub>2</sub> inhalation groups in an inhalation period length-related manner. The mRNA expression of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interlukin-6, also represented similar results. Conclusion: H<sub>2</sub> inhalation could alleviate CNV leakage in a laser-induced mouse CNV model, and the potential mechanism might be related to the suppression of the inflammatory process and VEGF-driven CNV formation.I-Chia LiangWen-Chin KoYu-Jou HsuYi-Ru LinYun-Hsiang ChangXv-Hui ZongPei-Chen LaiDer-Chen ChangChi-Feng HungMDPI AGarticleage-related macular degenerationchoroidal neovascularizationhydrogen gasBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12049, p 12049 (2021) |
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age-related macular degeneration choroidal neovascularization hydrogen gas Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 |
| spellingShingle |
age-related macular degeneration choroidal neovascularization hydrogen gas Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 I-Chia Liang Wen-Chin Ko Yu-Jou Hsu Yi-Ru Lin Yun-Hsiang Chang Xv-Hui Zong Pei-Chen Lai Der-Chen Chang Chi-Feng Hung The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| description |
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the major pathologic feature of neovascular AMD. Oxidative damages and the ensuing chronic inflammation are representative of trigger events. Hydrogen gas (H<sub>2</sub>) has been demonstrated as an antioxidant and plays a role in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. This experiment aimed to investigate the influence of H<sub>2</sub> inhalation on a mouse model of CNV. Methods: Laser was used to induce CNV formation. C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups: the control group; the laser-only group; and the 2 h, 5 h, and 2.5 h/2.5 h groups that received laser and H<sub>2</sub> inhalation (21% oxygen, 42% hydrogen, and 37% nitrogen mixture) for 2 h, 5 h, and 2.5 h twice every day, respectively. Results: The severity of CNV leakage on fluorescence angiography showed a significant decrease in the H<sub>2</sub> inhalation groups. The mRNA expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and its immediate downstream target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) showed significant elevation after laser, and this elevation was suppressed in the H<sub>2</sub> inhalation groups in an inhalation period length-related manner. The mRNA expression of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interlukin-6, also represented similar results. Conclusion: H<sub>2</sub> inhalation could alleviate CNV leakage in a laser-induced mouse CNV model, and the potential mechanism might be related to the suppression of the inflammatory process and VEGF-driven CNV formation. |
| format |
article |
| author |
I-Chia Liang Wen-Chin Ko Yu-Jou Hsu Yi-Ru Lin Yun-Hsiang Chang Xv-Hui Zong Pei-Chen Lai Der-Chen Chang Chi-Feng Hung |
| author_facet |
I-Chia Liang Wen-Chin Ko Yu-Jou Hsu Yi-Ru Lin Yun-Hsiang Chang Xv-Hui Zong Pei-Chen Lai Der-Chen Chang Chi-Feng Hung |
| author_sort |
I-Chia Liang |
| title |
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_short |
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_full |
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_fullStr |
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation and Its Influence on Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_sort |
anti-inflammatory effect of hydrogen gas inhalation and its influence on laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in a mouse model of neovascular age-related macular degeneration |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/16df442d1f1f490eb38906a6e350f83c |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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| _version_ |
1718432046545633280 |