Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.

The Tuareg of the Fezzan region (Libya) are characterized by an extremely high frequency (61%) of haplogroup H1, a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup that is common in all Western European populations. To define how and when H1 spread from Europe to North Africa up to the Central Sahara, in Fezzan...

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Autores principales:	Claudio Ottoni, Giuseppina Primativo, Baharak Hooshiar Kashani, Alessandro Achilli, Cristina Martínez-Labarga, Gianfranco Biondi, Antonio Torroni, Olga Rickards
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1726d0126f1f43ec8bd7516609be762d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1726d0126f1f43ec8bd7516609be762d2021-11-18T07:03:02ZMitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0013378https://doaj.org/article/1726d0126f1f43ec8bd7516609be762d2010-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20975840/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The Tuareg of the Fezzan region (Libya) are characterized by an extremely high frequency (61%) of haplogroup H1, a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup that is common in all Western European populations. To define how and when H1 spread from Europe to North Africa up to the Central Sahara, in Fezzan, we investigated the complete mitochondrial genomes of eleven Libyan Tuareg belonging to H1. Coalescence time estimates suggest an arrival of the European H1 mtDNAs at about 8,000-9,000 years ago, while phylogenetic analyses reveal three novel H1 branches, termed H1v, H1w and H1x, which appear to be specific for North African populations, but whose frequencies can be extremely different even in relatively close Tuareg villages. Overall, these findings support the scenario of an arrival of haplogroup H1 in North Africa from Iberia at the beginning of the Holocene, as a consequence of the improvement in climate conditions after the Younger Dryas cold snap, followed by in situ formation of local H1 sub-haplogroups. This process of autochthonous differentiation continues in the Libyan Tuareg who, probably due to isolation and recent founder events, are characterized by village-specific maternal mtDNA lineages.Claudio OttoniGiuseppina PrimativoBaharak Hooshiar KashaniAlessandro AchilliCristina Martínez-LabargaGianfranco BiondiAntonio TorroniOlga RickardsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 10, p e13378 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Claudio Ottoni Giuseppina Primativo Baharak Hooshiar Kashani Alessandro Achilli Cristina Martínez-Labarga Gianfranco Biondi Antonio Torroni Olga Rickards Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.
description	The Tuareg of the Fezzan region (Libya) are characterized by an extremely high frequency (61%) of haplogroup H1, a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup that is common in all Western European populations. To define how and when H1 spread from Europe to North Africa up to the Central Sahara, in Fezzan, we investigated the complete mitochondrial genomes of eleven Libyan Tuareg belonging to H1. Coalescence time estimates suggest an arrival of the European H1 mtDNAs at about 8,000-9,000 years ago, while phylogenetic analyses reveal three novel H1 branches, termed H1v, H1w and H1x, which appear to be specific for North African populations, but whose frequencies can be extremely different even in relatively close Tuareg villages. Overall, these findings support the scenario of an arrival of haplogroup H1 in North Africa from Iberia at the beginning of the Holocene, as a consequence of the improvement in climate conditions after the Younger Dryas cold snap, followed by in situ formation of local H1 sub-haplogroups. This process of autochthonous differentiation continues in the Libyan Tuareg who, probably due to isolation and recent founder events, are characterized by village-specific maternal mtDNA lineages.
format	article
author	Claudio Ottoni Giuseppina Primativo Baharak Hooshiar Kashani Alessandro Achilli Cristina Martínez-Labarga Gianfranco Biondi Antonio Torroni Olga Rickards
author_facet	Claudio Ottoni Giuseppina Primativo Baharak Hooshiar Kashani Alessandro Achilli Cristina Martínez-Labarga Gianfranco Biondi Antonio Torroni Olga Rickards
author_sort	Claudio Ottoni
title	Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.
title_short	Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.
title_full	Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.
title_fullStr	Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.
title_full_unstemmed	Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.
title_sort	mitochondrial haplogroup h1 in north africa: an early holocene arrival from iberia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/1726d0126f1f43ec8bd7516609be762d
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Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia.

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