Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials

Mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for energy production and neuronal survival in neurological primary burning mouth syndrome (npBMS). Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been utilised in npBMS management, however, its role of intervention remains controversial. The aim of this systematic review...

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Autores principales:	Reem Hanna, Snehal Dalvi, Rene Jean Bensadoun, Judith E. Raber-Durlacher, Stefano Benedicenti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	oxidative stress trigeminal nerve inflammation neuropathic pain primary burning mouth syndrome mitochondrial homeostasis photobiomodulation Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/17530bca81da4ed4bc03427246f1c832
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:17530bca81da4ed4bc03427246f1c8322021-11-25T18:41:03ZRole of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials10.3390/pharmaceutics131118381999-4923https://doaj.org/article/17530bca81da4ed4bc03427246f1c8322021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/11/1838https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4923Mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for energy production and neuronal survival in neurological primary burning mouth syndrome (npBMS). Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been utilised in npBMS management, however, its role of intervention remains controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of CRD 42020198921 PROSPERO registration reference was to oversee and determine the efficacy of PBMT in patients with npBMS, identifying the gaps and bridge them by proposing recommendations for future studies purposes. PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane Collaboration recommendations followed. Various search engines employed to analyse a total of 351 studies of which 12 were included. A wide range of utilised PBM wavelengths was between 635–980 nm and the power output ranged between 30 mW and 4000 mW. A high risk of bias (RoB) was noted in 7 out of 12 included studies (58.3%), as results of qualitative analysis. Meta-analysis findings of 4 out of 12 studies showed statistically significant intergroup differences (SSID) for visual analogue scale (VAS) values (MD = −1.47; 95% CI = −2.40 to −0.53; Z = 3.07 (<i>p</i> = 0.002) whereas meta-analysis on 5 out of 12 studies revealed SSID for anxiety/depression and quality of life (MD = −1.47; 95% CI = −2.40 to −0.53; Z = 3.07 (<i>p</i> = 0.002), favouring PBMT group to the control treatment strategies. Despite the inconsistency and diversity in PBM parameters (wavelength, power, light source, spot size, emission mode, energy per point, total energy) and treatment protocols (exposure time, number of sessions, time interval between sessions, treatment duration)—majority of the included studies showed positive PBM results. The high RoB and meta-analytical heterogeneity in the eligible studies warrant the necessity to perform well-designed and robust RCTs after acknowledging the drawbacks of the available scientific literature and addressing our suggested recommendations highlighted in our review.Reem HannaSnehal DalviRene Jean BensadounJudith E. Raber-DurlacherStefano BenedicentiMDPI AGarticleoxidative stresstrigeminal nerve inflammationneuropathic painprimary burning mouth syndromemitochondrial homeostasisphotobiomodulationPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENPharmaceutics, Vol 13, Iss 1838, p 1838 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	oxidative stress trigeminal nerve inflammation neuropathic pain primary burning mouth syndrome mitochondrial homeostasis photobiomodulation Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	oxidative stress trigeminal nerve inflammation neuropathic pain primary burning mouth syndrome mitochondrial homeostasis photobiomodulation Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Reem Hanna Snehal Dalvi Rene Jean Bensadoun Judith E. Raber-Durlacher Stefano Benedicenti Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials
description	Mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for energy production and neuronal survival in neurological primary burning mouth syndrome (npBMS). Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been utilised in npBMS management, however, its role of intervention remains controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of CRD 42020198921 PROSPERO registration reference was to oversee and determine the efficacy of PBMT in patients with npBMS, identifying the gaps and bridge them by proposing recommendations for future studies purposes. PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane Collaboration recommendations followed. Various search engines employed to analyse a total of 351 studies of which 12 were included. A wide range of utilised PBM wavelengths was between 635–980 nm and the power output ranged between 30 mW and 4000 mW. A high risk of bias (RoB) was noted in 7 out of 12 included studies (58.3%), as results of qualitative analysis. Meta-analysis findings of 4 out of 12 studies showed statistically significant intergroup differences (SSID) for visual analogue scale (VAS) values (MD = −1.47; 95% CI = −2.40 to −0.53; Z = 3.07 (<i>p</i> = 0.002) whereas meta-analysis on 5 out of 12 studies revealed SSID for anxiety/depression and quality of life (MD = −1.47; 95% CI = −2.40 to −0.53; Z = 3.07 (<i>p</i> = 0.002), favouring PBMT group to the control treatment strategies. Despite the inconsistency and diversity in PBM parameters (wavelength, power, light source, spot size, emission mode, energy per point, total energy) and treatment protocols (exposure time, number of sessions, time interval between sessions, treatment duration)—majority of the included studies showed positive PBM results. The high RoB and meta-analytical heterogeneity in the eligible studies warrant the necessity to perform well-designed and robust RCTs after acknowledging the drawbacks of the available scientific literature and addressing our suggested recommendations highlighted in our review.
format	article
author	Reem Hanna Snehal Dalvi Rene Jean Bensadoun Judith E. Raber-Durlacher Stefano Benedicenti
author_facet	Reem Hanna Snehal Dalvi Rene Jean Bensadoun Judith E. Raber-Durlacher Stefano Benedicenti
author_sort	Reem Hanna
title	Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials
title_short	Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials
title_full	Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials
title_fullStr	Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials
title_full_unstemmed	Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials
title_sort	role of photobiomodulation therapy in neurological primary burning mouth syndrome. a systematic review and meta-analysis of human randomised controlled clinical trials
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/17530bca81da4ed4bc03427246f1c832
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Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurological Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials

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