Molecular and Serological Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Bangladesh in 2021
Novel SARS-CoV-2 variants are emerging at an alarming rate. The delta variant and other variants of concern (VoC) carry spike (S)-protein mutations, which have the potential to evade protective immunity, to trigger break-through infections after COVID-19 vaccination, and to propagate future waves of...
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MDPI AG
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:17549d5a261f44848d366cc37656030f2021-11-25T19:14:27ZMolecular and Serological Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Bangladesh in 202110.3390/v131123101999-4915https://doaj.org/article/17549d5a261f44848d366cc37656030f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2310https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915Novel SARS-CoV-2 variants are emerging at an alarming rate. The delta variant and other variants of concern (VoC) carry spike (S)-protein mutations, which have the potential to evade protective immunity, to trigger break-through infections after COVID-19 vaccination, and to propagate future waves of COVID-19 pandemic. To identify SARS CoV-2 variants in Bangladesh, patients who are RT-PCR-positive for COVID-19 infections in Dhaka were screened by a RT-PCR melting curve analysis for spike protein mutations. To assess the anti-SARS CoV-2 antibody responses, the levels of the anti-S -proteins IgA and IgG and the anti-N-protein IgG were measured by ELISA. Of a total of 36 RT-PCR positive samples (75%), 27 were identified as delta variants, with one carrying an additional Q677H mutation and two with single nucleotide substitutions at position 23029 (compared to Wuhan-Hu-1 reference NC 045512) in the genome sequence. Three (8.3%) were identified as beta variants, two (5.5%) were identified as alpha variants, three (8.3%) were identified as having a B.1.1.318 lineage, and one sample was identified as an eta variant (B.1.525) carrying an additional V687L mutation. The trend of higher viral load (lower Cp values) among delta variants than in the alpha and beta variants was of borderline statistical significance (<i>p</i> = 0.045). Prospective studies with larger Bangladeshi cohorts are warranted to confirm the emergence of S-protein mutations and their association with antibody response in natural infection and potential breakthrough in vaccinated subjects.Asish Kumar GhoshMarco KaiserMd. Maruf Ahmed MollaTasnim NafisaMahmuda YeasminRifat Hossain RatulMd. Mohiuddin SharifArifa AkramNur HosenRashid MamunurMd. Robed AminAlimul IslamMd. Ehsanul HoqueOlfert LandtSimon D. LyttonMDPI AGarticleSARS-CoV-2delta variantBangladeshanti-S-protein IgGanti-N-protein IgGamino acid mutationsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENViruses, Vol 13, Iss 2310, p 2310 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
SARS-CoV-2 delta variant Bangladesh anti-S-protein IgG anti-N-protein IgG amino acid mutations Microbiology QR1-502 |
| spellingShingle |
SARS-CoV-2 delta variant Bangladesh anti-S-protein IgG anti-N-protein IgG amino acid mutations Microbiology QR1-502 Asish Kumar Ghosh Marco Kaiser Md. Maruf Ahmed Molla Tasnim Nafisa Mahmuda Yeasmin Rifat Hossain Ratul Md. Mohiuddin Sharif Arifa Akram Nur Hosen Rashid Mamunur Md. Robed Amin Alimul Islam Md. Ehsanul Hoque Olfert Landt Simon D. Lytton Molecular and Serological Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Bangladesh in 2021 |
| description |
Novel SARS-CoV-2 variants are emerging at an alarming rate. The delta variant and other variants of concern (VoC) carry spike (S)-protein mutations, which have the potential to evade protective immunity, to trigger break-through infections after COVID-19 vaccination, and to propagate future waves of COVID-19 pandemic. To identify SARS CoV-2 variants in Bangladesh, patients who are RT-PCR-positive for COVID-19 infections in Dhaka were screened by a RT-PCR melting curve analysis for spike protein mutations. To assess the anti-SARS CoV-2 antibody responses, the levels of the anti-S -proteins IgA and IgG and the anti-N-protein IgG were measured by ELISA. Of a total of 36 RT-PCR positive samples (75%), 27 were identified as delta variants, with one carrying an additional Q677H mutation and two with single nucleotide substitutions at position 23029 (compared to Wuhan-Hu-1 reference NC 045512) in the genome sequence. Three (8.3%) were identified as beta variants, two (5.5%) were identified as alpha variants, three (8.3%) were identified as having a B.1.1.318 lineage, and one sample was identified as an eta variant (B.1.525) carrying an additional V687L mutation. The trend of higher viral load (lower Cp values) among delta variants than in the alpha and beta variants was of borderline statistical significance (<i>p</i> = 0.045). Prospective studies with larger Bangladeshi cohorts are warranted to confirm the emergence of S-protein mutations and their association with antibody response in natural infection and potential breakthrough in vaccinated subjects. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Asish Kumar Ghosh Marco Kaiser Md. Maruf Ahmed Molla Tasnim Nafisa Mahmuda Yeasmin Rifat Hossain Ratul Md. Mohiuddin Sharif Arifa Akram Nur Hosen Rashid Mamunur Md. Robed Amin Alimul Islam Md. Ehsanul Hoque Olfert Landt Simon D. Lytton |
| author_facet |
Asish Kumar Ghosh Marco Kaiser Md. Maruf Ahmed Molla Tasnim Nafisa Mahmuda Yeasmin Rifat Hossain Ratul Md. Mohiuddin Sharif Arifa Akram Nur Hosen Rashid Mamunur Md. Robed Amin Alimul Islam Md. Ehsanul Hoque Olfert Landt Simon D. Lytton |
| author_sort |
Asish Kumar Ghosh |
| title |
Molecular and Serological Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Bangladesh in 2021 |
| title_short |
Molecular and Serological Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Bangladesh in 2021 |
| title_full |
Molecular and Serological Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Bangladesh in 2021 |
| title_fullStr |
Molecular and Serological Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Bangladesh in 2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular and Serological Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Bangladesh in 2021 |
| title_sort |
molecular and serological characterization of the sars-cov-2 delta variant in bangladesh in 2021 |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/17549d5a261f44848d366cc37656030f |
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