Continental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms

ABSTRACT Culture-independent microbiome surveys have been conducted in homes, hospitals, schools, kindergartens and vehicles for public transport, revealing diverse microbial distributions in built environments. However, microbiome composition and the associated environmental characteristics have no...

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Autores principales:	Xi Fu, Yanling Li, Qianqian Yuan, Gui-hong Cai, Yiqun Deng, Xin Zhang, Dan Norbäck, Yu Sun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	Aspergillus environmental microbiology hotel indoor microbiome microbial ecology Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/176166338fba40e7986d5ed34f798565
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:176166338fba40e7986d5ed34f7985652021-12-02T18:44:35ZContinental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms10.1128/mSystems.00119-202379-5077https://doaj.org/article/176166338fba40e7986d5ed34f7985652020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00119-20https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT Culture-independent microbiome surveys have been conducted in homes, hospitals, schools, kindergartens and vehicles for public transport, revealing diverse microbial distributions in built environments. However, microbiome composition and the associated environmental characteristics have not been characterized in hotel environments. We presented here the first continental-scale microbiome study of hotel rooms (n = 68) spanning Asia and Europe. Bacterial and fungal communities were described by amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and quantitative PCR. Similar numbers of bacterial (4,344) and fungal (4,555) operational taxonomic units were identified in the same sequencing depth, but most fungal taxa showed a restricted distribution compared to bacterial taxa. Aerobic, ubiquitous bacteria dominated the hotel microbiome with compositional similarity to previous samples from building and human nasopharynx environments. The abundance of Aspergillus was negatively correlated with latitude and accounted for ∼80% of the total fungal load in seven low-latitude hotels. We calculated the association between hotel microbiome and 16 indoor and outdoor environmental characteristics. Fungal composition and absolute quantity showed concordant associations with the same environmental characteristics, including latitude, quality of the interior, proximity to the sea, and visible mold, while fungal richness was negatively associated with heavy traffic (95% confidence interval [CI] = −127.05 to −0.25) and wall-to-wall carpet (95% CI = −47.60 to −3.82). Bacterial compositional variation was associated with latitude, quality of the interior, and floor type, while bacterial richness was negatively associated with recent redecoration (95% CI −179.00 to −44.55) and mechanical ventilation (95% CI = −136.71 to −5.12). IMPORTANCE This is the first microbiome study to characterize the microbiome data and associated environmental characteristics in hotel environments. In this study, we found concordant variation between fungal compositional variation and absolute quantity and discordant variation between community variation/quantity and richness. Our study can be used to promote hotel hygiene standards and provide resource information for future microbiome and exposure studies associated with health effects in hotel rooms.Xi FuYanling LiQianqian YuanGui-hong CaiYiqun DengXin ZhangDan NorbäckYu SunAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleAspergillusenvironmental microbiologyhotelindoor microbiomemicrobial ecologyMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 5, Iss 3 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Aspergillus environmental microbiology hotel indoor microbiome microbial ecology Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Aspergillus environmental microbiology hotel indoor microbiome microbial ecology Microbiology QR1-502 Xi Fu Yanling Li Qianqian Yuan Gui-hong Cai Yiqun Deng Xin Zhang Dan Norbäck Yu Sun Continental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms
description	ABSTRACT Culture-independent microbiome surveys have been conducted in homes, hospitals, schools, kindergartens and vehicles for public transport, revealing diverse microbial distributions in built environments. However, microbiome composition and the associated environmental characteristics have not been characterized in hotel environments. We presented here the first continental-scale microbiome study of hotel rooms (n = 68) spanning Asia and Europe. Bacterial and fungal communities were described by amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and quantitative PCR. Similar numbers of bacterial (4,344) and fungal (4,555) operational taxonomic units were identified in the same sequencing depth, but most fungal taxa showed a restricted distribution compared to bacterial taxa. Aerobic, ubiquitous bacteria dominated the hotel microbiome with compositional similarity to previous samples from building and human nasopharynx environments. The abundance of Aspergillus was negatively correlated with latitude and accounted for ∼80% of the total fungal load in seven low-latitude hotels. We calculated the association between hotel microbiome and 16 indoor and outdoor environmental characteristics. Fungal composition and absolute quantity showed concordant associations with the same environmental characteristics, including latitude, quality of the interior, proximity to the sea, and visible mold, while fungal richness was negatively associated with heavy traffic (95% confidence interval [CI] = −127.05 to −0.25) and wall-to-wall carpet (95% CI = −47.60 to −3.82). Bacterial compositional variation was associated with latitude, quality of the interior, and floor type, while bacterial richness was negatively associated with recent redecoration (95% CI −179.00 to −44.55) and mechanical ventilation (95% CI = −136.71 to −5.12). IMPORTANCE This is the first microbiome study to characterize the microbiome data and associated environmental characteristics in hotel environments. In this study, we found concordant variation between fungal compositional variation and absolute quantity and discordant variation between community variation/quantity and richness. Our study can be used to promote hotel hygiene standards and provide resource information for future microbiome and exposure studies associated with health effects in hotel rooms.
format	article
author	Xi Fu Yanling Li Qianqian Yuan Gui-hong Cai Yiqun Deng Xin Zhang Dan Norbäck Yu Sun
author_facet	Xi Fu Yanling Li Qianqian Yuan Gui-hong Cai Yiqun Deng Xin Zhang Dan Norbäck Yu Sun
author_sort	Xi Fu
title	Continental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms
title_short	Continental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms
title_full	Continental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms
title_fullStr	Continental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms
title_full_unstemmed	Continental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms
title_sort	continental-scale microbiome study reveals different environmental characteristics determining microbial richness, composition, and quantity in hotel rooms
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/176166338fba40e7986d5ed34f798565
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Continental-Scale Microbiome Study Reveals Different Environmental Characteristics Determining Microbial Richness, Composition, and Quantity in Hotel Rooms

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