Brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.

Previous brain imaging studies investigating the brain processing of scratching used an exogenous intervention mimicking scratching, performed not by the subjects themselves, but delivered by an investigator. In real life, scratching is a conscious, voluntary, controlled motor response to itching, w...

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Autores principales:	Alexandru D P Papoiu, Leigh A Nattkemper, Kristen M Sanders, Robert A Kraft, Yiong-Huak Chan, Robert C Coghill, Gil Yosipovitch
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/17986f523a6943dca770e40f5cef3b82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:17986f523a6943dca770e40f5cef3b822021-11-18T08:43:06ZBrain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0082389https://doaj.org/article/17986f523a6943dca770e40f5cef3b822013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24324781/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Previous brain imaging studies investigating the brain processing of scratching used an exogenous intervention mimicking scratching, performed not by the subjects themselves, but delivered by an investigator. In real life, scratching is a conscious, voluntary, controlled motor response to itching, which is directed to the perceived site of distress. In this study we aimed to visualize in real-time by brain imaging the core mechanisms of the itch-scratch cycle when scratching was performed by subjects themselves. Secondly, we aimed to assess the correlations between brain patterns of activation and psychophysical ratings of itch relief or pleasurability of scratching. We also compared the patterns of brain activity evoked by self-scratching vs. passive scratching. We used a robust tridimensional Arterial Spin Labeling fMRI technique that is less sensitive to motion artifacts: 3D gradient echo and spin echo (GRASE)--Propeller. Active scratching was accompanied by a higher pleasurability and induced a more pronounced deactivation of the anterior cingulate cortex and insula, in comparison with passive scratching. A significant involvement of the reward system including the ventral tegmentum of the midbrain, coupled with a mechanism deactivating the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), suggests that itch modulation operates in reverse to the mechanism known to suppress pain. Our findings not only confirm a role for the central networks processing reward in the pleasurable aspects of scratching, but also suggest they play a role in mediating itch relief.Alexandru D P PapoiuLeigh A NattkemperKristen M SandersRobert A KraftYiong-Huak ChanRobert C CoghillGil YosipovitchPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 12, p e82389 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alexandru D P Papoiu Leigh A Nattkemper Kristen M Sanders Robert A Kraft Yiong-Huak Chan Robert C Coghill Gil Yosipovitch Brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.
description	Previous brain imaging studies investigating the brain processing of scratching used an exogenous intervention mimicking scratching, performed not by the subjects themselves, but delivered by an investigator. In real life, scratching is a conscious, voluntary, controlled motor response to itching, which is directed to the perceived site of distress. In this study we aimed to visualize in real-time by brain imaging the core mechanisms of the itch-scratch cycle when scratching was performed by subjects themselves. Secondly, we aimed to assess the correlations between brain patterns of activation and psychophysical ratings of itch relief or pleasurability of scratching. We also compared the patterns of brain activity evoked by self-scratching vs. passive scratching. We used a robust tridimensional Arterial Spin Labeling fMRI technique that is less sensitive to motion artifacts: 3D gradient echo and spin echo (GRASE)--Propeller. Active scratching was accompanied by a higher pleasurability and induced a more pronounced deactivation of the anterior cingulate cortex and insula, in comparison with passive scratching. A significant involvement of the reward system including the ventral tegmentum of the midbrain, coupled with a mechanism deactivating the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), suggests that itch modulation operates in reverse to the mechanism known to suppress pain. Our findings not only confirm a role for the central networks processing reward in the pleasurable aspects of scratching, but also suggest they play a role in mediating itch relief.
format	article
author	Alexandru D P Papoiu Leigh A Nattkemper Kristen M Sanders Robert A Kraft Yiong-Huak Chan Robert C Coghill Gil Yosipovitch
author_facet	Alexandru D P Papoiu Leigh A Nattkemper Kristen M Sanders Robert A Kraft Yiong-Huak Chan Robert C Coghill Gil Yosipovitch
author_sort	Alexandru D P Papoiu
title	Brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.
title_short	Brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.
title_full	Brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.
title_fullStr	Brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.
title_full_unstemmed	Brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.
title_sort	brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional mri study of active scratching.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/17986f523a6943dca770e40f5cef3b82
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Brain's reward circuits mediate itch relief. a functional MRI study of active scratching.

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