Electrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives

In recent years, tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway has become one of the most active research areas thanks to its involvement in a variety of physiological processes, especially in conditions associated with immune dysfunction, central nervous system disorders, autoimmunity, infection...

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Autores principales:	Ilona Sadok, Magdalena Staniszewska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	kynurenine pathway tryptophan metabolites kynurenine electrochemical detection electrochemical sensors biological samples analysis Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/179ce9f816d841ba9d192dcee2f9e37f
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:179ce9f816d841ba9d192dcee2f9e37f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:179ce9f816d841ba9d192dcee2f9e37f2021-11-11T19:09:01ZElectrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives10.3390/s212171521424-8220https://doaj.org/article/179ce9f816d841ba9d192dcee2f9e37f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7152https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220In recent years, tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway has become one of the most active research areas thanks to its involvement in a variety of physiological processes, especially in conditions associated with immune dysfunction, central nervous system disorders, autoimmunity, infection, diabetes, and cancer. The kynurenine pathway generates several metabolites with immunosuppressive functions or neuroprotective, antioxidant, or toxic properties. An increasing body of work on this topic uncovers a need for reliable analytical methods to help identify and quantify tryptophan metabolites at physiological concentrations in biological samples of different origins. Recent methodological advances in the fabrication and application of electrochemical sensors promise a rise in the future generation of novel analytical systems. This work summarizes current knowledge and provides important suggestions with respect to direct electrochemical determinations of kynurenine pathway metabolites (kynurenines) in complex biological matrices. Measurement challenges, limitations, and future opportunities of electroanalytical methods to advance study of the implementation of kynurenines in disease conditions are discussed.Ilona SadokMagdalena StaniszewskaMDPI AGarticlekynurenine pathwaytryptophan metaboliteskynurenineelectrochemical detectionelectrochemical sensorsbiological samples analysisChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7152, p 7152 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	kynurenine pathway tryptophan metabolites kynurenine electrochemical detection electrochemical sensors biological samples analysis Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	kynurenine pathway tryptophan metabolites kynurenine electrochemical detection electrochemical sensors biological samples analysis Chemical technology TP1-1185 Ilona Sadok Magdalena Staniszewska Electrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives
description	In recent years, tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway has become one of the most active research areas thanks to its involvement in a variety of physiological processes, especially in conditions associated with immune dysfunction, central nervous system disorders, autoimmunity, infection, diabetes, and cancer. The kynurenine pathway generates several metabolites with immunosuppressive functions or neuroprotective, antioxidant, or toxic properties. An increasing body of work on this topic uncovers a need for reliable analytical methods to help identify and quantify tryptophan metabolites at physiological concentrations in biological samples of different origins. Recent methodological advances in the fabrication and application of electrochemical sensors promise a rise in the future generation of novel analytical systems. This work summarizes current knowledge and provides important suggestions with respect to direct electrochemical determinations of kynurenine pathway metabolites (kynurenines) in complex biological matrices. Measurement challenges, limitations, and future opportunities of electroanalytical methods to advance study of the implementation of kynurenines in disease conditions are discussed.
format	article
author	Ilona Sadok Magdalena Staniszewska
author_facet	Ilona Sadok Magdalena Staniszewska
author_sort	Ilona Sadok
title	Electrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives
title_short	Electrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives
title_full	Electrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives
title_fullStr	Electrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed	Electrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives
title_sort	electrochemical determination of kynurenine pathway metabolites—challenges and perspectives
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/179ce9f816d841ba9d192dcee2f9e37f
work_keys_str_mv	AT ilonasadok electrochemicaldeterminationofkynureninepathwaymetaboliteschallengesandperspectives AT magdalenastaniszewska electrochemicaldeterminationofkynureninepathwaymetaboliteschallengesandperspectives
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Electrochemical Determination of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites—Challenges and Perspectives

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