Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh

ABSTRACT Lytic bacteriophages are hypothesized to contribute to the seasonality and duration of cholera epidemics in Bangladesh. However, the bacteriophages contributing to this phenomenon have yet to be characterized at a molecular genetic level. In this study, we isolated and sequenced the genomes...

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Autores principales:	Kimberley D. Seed, Kip L. Bodi, Andrew M. Kropinski, Hans-Wolfgang Ackermann, Stephen B. Calderwood, Firdausi Qadri, Andrew Camilli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2011
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/17bc58217b6042c0b2d3676e197f8c59
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:17bc58217b6042c0b2d3676e197f8c592021-11-15T15:38:47ZEvidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh10.1128/mBio.00334-102150-7511https://doaj.org/article/17bc58217b6042c0b2d3676e197f8c592011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00334-10https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Lytic bacteriophages are hypothesized to contribute to the seasonality and duration of cholera epidemics in Bangladesh. However, the bacteriophages contributing to this phenomenon have yet to be characterized at a molecular genetic level. In this study, we isolated and sequenced the genomes of 15 bacteriophages from stool samples from cholera patients spanning a 10-year surveillance period in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Our results indicate that a single novel bacteriophage type, designated ICP1 (for the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh cholera phage 1) is present in all stool samples from cholera patients, while two other bacteriophage types, one novel (ICP2) and one T7-like (ICP3), are transient. ICP1 is a member of the Myoviridae family and has a 126-kilobase genome comprising 230 open reading frames. Comparative sequence analysis of ICP1 and related isolates from this time period indicates a high level of genetic conservation. The ubiquitous presence of ICP1 in cholera patients and the finding that the O1 antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serves as the ICP1 receptor suggest that ICP1 is extremely well adapted to predation of human-pathogenic V. cholerae O1. IMPORTANCE The severe diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which can be transmitted to humans from the aquatic environment. Factors that affect V. cholerae in the environment can impact the occurrence of cholera outbreaks; one of these factors is thought to be the presence of bacterial viruses, or bacteriophages. Bacteriophages that prey on V. cholerae in the environment, and potentially in humans, have not been extensively genetically characterized. Here, we isolated and sequenced the genomes of bacteriophages from cholera patient stool samples collected over a 10-year period in Dhaka, Bangladesh, a region that suffers from regular cholera outbreaks. We describe a unique bacteriophage present in all samples, infer its evolution by sequencing multiple isolates from different patients over time, and identify the host receptor that shows that the bacteriophage specifically predates the serogroup of V. cholerae responsible for the majority of disease occurrences.Kimberley D. SeedKip L. BodiAndrew M. KropinskiHans-Wolfgang AckermannStephen B. CalderwoodFirdausi QadriAndrew CamilliAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 2, Iss 1 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Kimberley D. Seed Kip L. Bodi Andrew M. Kropinski Hans-Wolfgang Ackermann Stephen B. Calderwood Firdausi Qadri Andrew Camilli Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh
description	ABSTRACT Lytic bacteriophages are hypothesized to contribute to the seasonality and duration of cholera epidemics in Bangladesh. However, the bacteriophages contributing to this phenomenon have yet to be characterized at a molecular genetic level. In this study, we isolated and sequenced the genomes of 15 bacteriophages from stool samples from cholera patients spanning a 10-year surveillance period in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Our results indicate that a single novel bacteriophage type, designated ICP1 (for the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh cholera phage 1) is present in all stool samples from cholera patients, while two other bacteriophage types, one novel (ICP2) and one T7-like (ICP3), are transient. ICP1 is a member of the Myoviridae family and has a 126-kilobase genome comprising 230 open reading frames. Comparative sequence analysis of ICP1 and related isolates from this time period indicates a high level of genetic conservation. The ubiquitous presence of ICP1 in cholera patients and the finding that the O1 antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serves as the ICP1 receptor suggest that ICP1 is extremely well adapted to predation of human-pathogenic V. cholerae O1. IMPORTANCE The severe diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which can be transmitted to humans from the aquatic environment. Factors that affect V. cholerae in the environment can impact the occurrence of cholera outbreaks; one of these factors is thought to be the presence of bacterial viruses, or bacteriophages. Bacteriophages that prey on V. cholerae in the environment, and potentially in humans, have not been extensively genetically characterized. Here, we isolated and sequenced the genomes of bacteriophages from cholera patient stool samples collected over a 10-year period in Dhaka, Bangladesh, a region that suffers from regular cholera outbreaks. We describe a unique bacteriophage present in all samples, infer its evolution by sequencing multiple isolates from different patients over time, and identify the host receptor that shows that the bacteriophage specifically predates the serogroup of V. cholerae responsible for the majority of disease occurrences.
format	article
author	Kimberley D. Seed Kip L. Bodi Andrew M. Kropinski Hans-Wolfgang Ackermann Stephen B. Calderwood Firdausi Qadri Andrew Camilli
author_facet	Kimberley D. Seed Kip L. Bodi Andrew M. Kropinski Hans-Wolfgang Ackermann Stephen B. Calderwood Firdausi Qadri Andrew Camilli
author_sort	Kimberley D. Seed
title	Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh
title_short	Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh
title_full	Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh
title_fullStr	Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh
title_full_unstemmed	Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh
title_sort	evidence of a dominant lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">vibrio cholerae</named-content>-specific lytic bacteriophages shed by cholera patients over a 10-year period in dhaka, bangladesh
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/17bc58217b6042c0b2d3676e197f8c59
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Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content>-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh

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