Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles

Nancy J Millenbaugh,1 Jonathan B Baskin,1 Mauris N DeSilva,1 W Rowe Elliott,1 Randolph D Glickman2 1Maxillofacial Injury and Disease Department, Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Texas Health Sc...

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Autores principales:	Millenbaugh NJ, Baskin JB, DeSilva MN, Elliott WR, Glickman RD
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2015
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/17d26d545a4e4ad0b2331b6498fcd099
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:17d26d545a4e4ad0b2331b6498fcd0992021-12-02T05:52:54ZPhotothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/17d26d545a4e4ad0b2331b6498fcd0992015-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/photothermal-killing-of-staphylococcus-aureus-using-antibody-targeted--peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013 Nancy J Millenbaugh,1 Jonathan B Baskin,1 Mauris N DeSilva,1 W Rowe Elliott,1 Randolph D Glickman2 1Maxillofacial Injury and Disease Department, Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USAPurpose: The continued emergence of multidrug resistant bacterial infections and the decline in discovery of new antibiotics are major challenges for health care throughout the world. This situation has heightened the need for novel antimicrobial therapies as alternatives to traditional antibiotics. The combination of metallic nanoparticles and laser exposure has been proposed as a strategy to induce physical damage to bacteria, regardless of antibiotic sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to test the antibacterial effect of antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles combined with pulsed laser irradiation.Methods: Gold nanoparticles conjugated to antibodies specific to Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan were incubated with suspensions of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MRSA and MSSA). Bacterial suspensions were then exposed to 8 ns pulsed laser irradiation at a wavelength of 532 nm and fluences ranging from 1 to 5 J/cm2. Viability of the bacteria following laser exposure was determined using colony forming unit assays. Scanning electron microscopy was used to confirm the binding of nanoparticles to bacteria and the presence of cellular damage.Results: The laser-activated nanoparticle treatment reduced the surviving population to 31% of control in the MSSA population, while the survival in the MRSA population was reduced to 58% of control. Significant decreases in bacterial viability occurred when the laser fluence exceeded 1 J/cm2, and this effect was linear from 0 to 5 J/cm2 (r2=0.97). Significantly less bactericidal effect was observed for nonfunctionalized nanoparticles or functionalized nanoparticles without laser activation.Conclusion: Laser-activated nanoparticles targeted to S. aureus surface antigens significantly reduced the percentage of viable organisms and represents a promising new treatment modality that could be used either alone or as an adjunct to existing, conventional antibiotic therapy. Keywords: MRSA, bacteria, pulsed laser, nanospheres, photoacousticMillenbaugh NJBaskin JBDeSilva MNElliott WRGlickman RDDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2015, Iss default, Pp 1953-1960 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Millenbaugh NJ Baskin JB DeSilva MN Elliott WR Glickman RD Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles
description	Nancy J Millenbaugh,1 Jonathan B Baskin,1 Mauris N DeSilva,1 W Rowe Elliott,1 Randolph D Glickman2 1Maxillofacial Injury and Disease Department, Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USAPurpose: The continued emergence of multidrug resistant bacterial infections and the decline in discovery of new antibiotics are major challenges for health care throughout the world. This situation has heightened the need for novel antimicrobial therapies as alternatives to traditional antibiotics. The combination of metallic nanoparticles and laser exposure has been proposed as a strategy to induce physical damage to bacteria, regardless of antibiotic sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to test the antibacterial effect of antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles combined with pulsed laser irradiation.Methods: Gold nanoparticles conjugated to antibodies specific to Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan were incubated with suspensions of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MRSA and MSSA). Bacterial suspensions were then exposed to 8 ns pulsed laser irradiation at a wavelength of 532 nm and fluences ranging from 1 to 5 J/cm2. Viability of the bacteria following laser exposure was determined using colony forming unit assays. Scanning electron microscopy was used to confirm the binding of nanoparticles to bacteria and the presence of cellular damage.Results: The laser-activated nanoparticle treatment reduced the surviving population to 31% of control in the MSSA population, while the survival in the MRSA population was reduced to 58% of control. Significant decreases in bacterial viability occurred when the laser fluence exceeded 1 J/cm2, and this effect was linear from 0 to 5 J/cm2 (r2=0.97). Significantly less bactericidal effect was observed for nonfunctionalized nanoparticles or functionalized nanoparticles without laser activation.Conclusion: Laser-activated nanoparticles targeted to S. aureus surface antigens significantly reduced the percentage of viable organisms and represents a promising new treatment modality that could be used either alone or as an adjunct to existing, conventional antibiotic therapy. Keywords: MRSA, bacteria, pulsed laser, nanospheres, photoacoustic
format	article
author	Millenbaugh NJ Baskin JB DeSilva MN Elliott WR Glickman RD
author_facet	Millenbaugh NJ Baskin JB DeSilva MN Elliott WR Glickman RD
author_sort	Millenbaugh NJ
title	Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles
title_short	Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles
title_full	Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles
title_fullStr	Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed	Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles
title_sort	photothermal killing of staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/17d26d545a4e4ad0b2331b6498fcd099
work_keys_str_mv	AT millenbaughnj photothermalkillingofstaphylococcusaureususingantibodytargetedgoldnanoparticles AT baskinjb photothermalkillingofstaphylococcusaureususingantibodytargetedgoldnanoparticles AT desilvamn photothermalkillingofstaphylococcusaureususingantibodytargetedgoldnanoparticles AT elliottwr photothermalkillingofstaphylococcusaureususingantibodytargetedgoldnanoparticles AT glickmanrd photothermalkillingofstaphylococcusaureususingantibodytargetedgoldnanoparticles
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Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles

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