The interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study

Abstract Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) populations are at an increased risk of developing COVID-19 and consequentially more severe outcomes compared to White populations. The aim of this study was to quantify how much of the disproportionate disease burden can be attributed to ethnicity an...

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Autores principales:	Kausik Chaudhuri, Anindita Chakrabarti, Jose Martin Lima, Joht Singh Chandan, Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/182a2f5db7fd49b7b44dfc445f6569e4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:182a2f5db7fd49b7b44dfc445f6569e42021-12-02T15:03:05ZThe interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study10.1038/s41598-021-91076-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/182a2f5db7fd49b7b44dfc445f6569e42021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91076-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) populations are at an increased risk of developing COVID-19 and consequentially more severe outcomes compared to White populations. The aim of this study was to quantify how much of the disproportionate disease burden can be attributed to ethnicity and deprivation as well as its interaction. An ecological study was conducted using data derived from the Office for National Statistics data at a Local Authority District (LAD) level in England between 1st March and 17th April 2020. The primary analysis examined how age adjusted COVID-19 mortality depends on ethnicity, deprivation, and the interaction between the two using linear regression. The secondary analysis using spatial regression methods allowed for the quantification of the extent of LAD spillover effect of COVID-19 mortality. We find that in LADs with the highest deprivation quartile, where there is a 1 percentage point increase in “Black-African (regression coefficient 2.86; 95% CI 1.08–4.64)”, “Black-Caribbean (9.66: 95% CI 5.25–14.06)” and “Bangladeshi (1.95: 95% CI 1.14–2.76)” communities, there is a significantly higher age-adjusted COVID-19 mortality compared to respective control populations. In addition, the spatial regression results indicated positive significant correlation between the age-adjusted mortality in one LAD and the age-adjusted mortality in a neighbouring LAD, suggesting a spillover effect. Our results suggest targeted public health measures to support those who are deprived and belong to BAME communities as well as to encourage restricted movement between different localities to limit disease propagation.Kausik ChaudhuriAnindita ChakrabartiJose Martin LimaJoht Singh ChandanSiddhartha BandyopadhyayNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kausik Chaudhuri Anindita Chakrabarti Jose Martin Lima Joht Singh Chandan Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay The interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study
description	Abstract Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) populations are at an increased risk of developing COVID-19 and consequentially more severe outcomes compared to White populations. The aim of this study was to quantify how much of the disproportionate disease burden can be attributed to ethnicity and deprivation as well as its interaction. An ecological study was conducted using data derived from the Office for National Statistics data at a Local Authority District (LAD) level in England between 1st March and 17th April 2020. The primary analysis examined how age adjusted COVID-19 mortality depends on ethnicity, deprivation, and the interaction between the two using linear regression. The secondary analysis using spatial regression methods allowed for the quantification of the extent of LAD spillover effect of COVID-19 mortality. We find that in LADs with the highest deprivation quartile, where there is a 1 percentage point increase in “Black-African (regression coefficient 2.86; 95% CI 1.08–4.64)”, “Black-Caribbean (9.66: 95% CI 5.25–14.06)” and “Bangladeshi (1.95: 95% CI 1.14–2.76)” communities, there is a significantly higher age-adjusted COVID-19 mortality compared to respective control populations. In addition, the spatial regression results indicated positive significant correlation between the age-adjusted mortality in one LAD and the age-adjusted mortality in a neighbouring LAD, suggesting a spillover effect. Our results suggest targeted public health measures to support those who are deprived and belong to BAME communities as well as to encourage restricted movement between different localities to limit disease propagation.
format	article
author	Kausik Chaudhuri Anindita Chakrabarti Jose Martin Lima Joht Singh Chandan Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay
author_facet	Kausik Chaudhuri Anindita Chakrabarti Jose Martin Lima Joht Singh Chandan Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay
author_sort	Kausik Chaudhuri
title	The interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study
title_short	The interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study
title_full	The interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study
title_fullStr	The interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study
title_full_unstemmed	The interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study
title_sort	interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on covid-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/182a2f5db7fd49b7b44dfc445f6569e4
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The interaction of ethnicity and deprivation on COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective ecological study

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