Epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges

Frank MC Besag Neurodevelopmental Team, East London Foundation NHS Trust, Family Consultation Clinic, Bedford, UK Abstract: Autism is more common in people with epilepsy, approximately 20%, and epilepsy is more common in people with autism with reported rates of approximately 20%. However, these f...

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Autor principal:	Besag FMC
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	Epilepsy autism regression genetics environment. Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/18331912c70c4bbd9302123d9b6c38bf
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:18331912c70c4bbd9302123d9b6c38bf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:18331912c70c4bbd9302123d9b6c38bf2021-12-02T03:16:02ZEpilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/18331912c70c4bbd9302123d9b6c38bf2017-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/epilepsy-in-patients-with-autism-links-risks-and-treatment-challenges-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Frank MC Besag Neurodevelopmental Team, East London Foundation NHS Trust, Family Consultation Clinic, Bedford, UK Abstract: Autism is more common in people with epilepsy, approximately 20%, and epilepsy is more common in people with autism with reported rates of approximately 20%. However, these figures are likely to be affected by the current broader criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which have contributed to an increased prevalence of autism, with the result that the rate for ASD in epilepsy is likely to be higher and the figure for epilepsy in ASD is likely to be lower. Some evidence suggests that there are two peaks of epilepsy onset in autism, in infancy and adolescence. The rate of autism in epilepsy is much higher in those with intellectual disability. In conditions such as the Landau–Kleffner syndrome and nonconvulsive status epilepticus, the epilepsy itself may present with autistic features. There is no plausible mechanism for autism causing epilepsy, however. The co-occurrence of autism and epilepsy is almost certainly the result of underlying factors predisposing to both conditions, including both genetic and environmental factors. Conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and sleep disorders are common in both epilepsy and autism. Epilepsy is generally not a contraindication to treating these conditions with suitable medication, but it is important to take account of relevant drug interactions. One of the greatest challenges in autism is to determine why early childhood regression occurs in perhaps 25%. Further research should focus on finding the cause for such regression. Whether epilepsy plays a role in the regression of a subgroup of children with autism who lose skills remains to be determined. Keywords: epilepsy, autism, regression, genetics, environment, Landau-Kleffner, CSWS Besag FMCDove Medical PressarticleEpilepsyautismregressiongeneticsenvironment.Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 14, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Epilepsy autism regression genetics environment. Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Epilepsy autism regression genetics environment. Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Besag FMC Epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges
description	Frank MC Besag Neurodevelopmental Team, East London Foundation NHS Trust, Family Consultation Clinic, Bedford, UK Abstract: Autism is more common in people with epilepsy, approximately 20%, and epilepsy is more common in people with autism with reported rates of approximately 20%. However, these figures are likely to be affected by the current broader criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which have contributed to an increased prevalence of autism, with the result that the rate for ASD in epilepsy is likely to be higher and the figure for epilepsy in ASD is likely to be lower. Some evidence suggests that there are two peaks of epilepsy onset in autism, in infancy and adolescence. The rate of autism in epilepsy is much higher in those with intellectual disability. In conditions such as the Landau–Kleffner syndrome and nonconvulsive status epilepticus, the epilepsy itself may present with autistic features. There is no plausible mechanism for autism causing epilepsy, however. The co-occurrence of autism and epilepsy is almost certainly the result of underlying factors predisposing to both conditions, including both genetic and environmental factors. Conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and sleep disorders are common in both epilepsy and autism. Epilepsy is generally not a contraindication to treating these conditions with suitable medication, but it is important to take account of relevant drug interactions. One of the greatest challenges in autism is to determine why early childhood regression occurs in perhaps 25%. Further research should focus on finding the cause for such regression. Whether epilepsy plays a role in the regression of a subgroup of children with autism who lose skills remains to be determined. Keywords: epilepsy, autism, regression, genetics, environment, Landau-Kleffner, CSWS
format	article
author	Besag FMC
author_facet	Besag FMC
author_sort	Besag FMC
title	Epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges
title_short	Epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges
title_full	Epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges
title_fullStr	Epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges
title_full_unstemmed	Epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges
title_sort	epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/18331912c70c4bbd9302123d9b6c38bf
work_keys_str_mv	AT besagfmc epilepsyinpatientswithautismlinksrisksandtreatmentchallenges
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Epilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges

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