Conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.

In much of sub-Saharan Africa, the mosquito Anopheles gambiae is the main vector of the major human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Convenient laboratory studies have identified mosquito genes that affect positively or negatively the developmental cycle of the model rodent parasite, P. berg...

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Autores principales:	Antonio M Mendes, Timm Schlegelmilch, Anna Cohuet, Parfait Awono-Ambene, Maria De Iorio, Didier Fontenille, Isabelle Morlais, George K Christophides, Fotis C Kafatos, Dina Vlachou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/183d03f534bc4c1195d45c6078d891e9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:183d03f534bc4c1195d45c6078d891e92021-12-02T19:59:49ZConserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1000069https://doaj.org/article/183d03f534bc4c1195d45c6078d891e92008-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/18483558/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374In much of sub-Saharan Africa, the mosquito Anopheles gambiae is the main vector of the major human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Convenient laboratory studies have identified mosquito genes that affect positively or negatively the developmental cycle of the model rodent parasite, P. berghei. Here, we use transcription profiling and reverse genetics to explore whether five disparate mosquito gene regulators of P. berghei development are also pertinent to A. gambiae/P. falciparum interactions in semi-natural conditions, using field isolates of this parasite and geographically related mosquitoes. We detected broadly similar albeit not identical transcriptional responses of these genes to the two parasite species. Gene silencing established that two genes affect similarly both parasites: infections are hindered by the intracellular local activator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, WASP, but promoted by the hemolymph lipid transporter, ApoII/I. Since P. berghei is not a natural parasite of A. gambiae, these data suggest that the effects of these genes have not been drastically altered by constant interaction and co-evolution of A. gambiae and P. falciparum; this conclusion allowed us to investigate further the mode of action of these two genes in the laboratory model system using a suite of genetic tools and infection assays. We showed that both genes act at the level of midgut invasion during the parasite's developmental transition from ookinete to oocyst. ApoII/I also affects the early stages of oocyst development. These are the first mosquito genes whose significant effects on P. falciparum field isolates have been established by direct experimentation. Importantly, they validate for semi-field human malaria transmission the concept of parasite antagonists and agonists.Antonio M MendesTimm SchlegelmilchAnna CohuetParfait Awono-AmbeneMaria De IorioDidier FontenilleIsabelle MorlaisGeorge K ChristophidesFotis C KafatosDina VlachouPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 4, Iss 5, p e1000069 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Antonio M Mendes Timm Schlegelmilch Anna Cohuet Parfait Awono-Ambene Maria De Iorio Didier Fontenille Isabelle Morlais George K Christophides Fotis C Kafatos Dina Vlachou Conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.
description	In much of sub-Saharan Africa, the mosquito Anopheles gambiae is the main vector of the major human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Convenient laboratory studies have identified mosquito genes that affect positively or negatively the developmental cycle of the model rodent parasite, P. berghei. Here, we use transcription profiling and reverse genetics to explore whether five disparate mosquito gene regulators of P. berghei development are also pertinent to A. gambiae/P. falciparum interactions in semi-natural conditions, using field isolates of this parasite and geographically related mosquitoes. We detected broadly similar albeit not identical transcriptional responses of these genes to the two parasite species. Gene silencing established that two genes affect similarly both parasites: infections are hindered by the intracellular local activator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, WASP, but promoted by the hemolymph lipid transporter, ApoII/I. Since P. berghei is not a natural parasite of A. gambiae, these data suggest that the effects of these genes have not been drastically altered by constant interaction and co-evolution of A. gambiae and P. falciparum; this conclusion allowed us to investigate further the mode of action of these two genes in the laboratory model system using a suite of genetic tools and infection assays. We showed that both genes act at the level of midgut invasion during the parasite's developmental transition from ookinete to oocyst. ApoII/I also affects the early stages of oocyst development. These are the first mosquito genes whose significant effects on P. falciparum field isolates have been established by direct experimentation. Importantly, they validate for semi-field human malaria transmission the concept of parasite antagonists and agonists.
format	article
author	Antonio M Mendes Timm Schlegelmilch Anna Cohuet Parfait Awono-Ambene Maria De Iorio Didier Fontenille Isabelle Morlais George K Christophides Fotis C Kafatos Dina Vlachou
author_facet	Antonio M Mendes Timm Schlegelmilch Anna Cohuet Parfait Awono-Ambene Maria De Iorio Didier Fontenille Isabelle Morlais George K Christophides Fotis C Kafatos Dina Vlachou
author_sort	Antonio M Mendes
title	Conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.
title_short	Conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.
title_full	Conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.
title_fullStr	Conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.
title_full_unstemmed	Conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.
title_sort	conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of plasmodium falciparum in africa.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/183d03f534bc4c1195d45c6078d891e9
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Conserved mosquito/parasite interactions affect development of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.

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