Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products

Cephalexin (CEX) is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals. However, it is also a micropollutant. Thus, this study evaluated the degradation of CEX using ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) and analyzed the by-products as well as their residual antimicrobial activ...

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Autores principales:	Sabrina Grando Cordeiro, Rafaela Ziem, Ytan Andreine Schweizer, Bruna Costa, Daniel Kuhn, Peterson Haas, Ani Caroline Weber, Daiane Heidrich, Eduardo Miranda Ethur, Clarice Steffens, Lucélia Hoehne
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	cephalexin micropollutants minimum inhibitory concentration uv-c treatment Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1886d92d1e5940dc9c0eb99daf504178
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1886d92d1e5940dc9c0eb99daf5041782021-11-06T11:13:47ZDegradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products0273-12231996-973210.2166/wst.2021.170https://doaj.org/article/1886d92d1e5940dc9c0eb99daf5041782021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wst.iwaponline.com/content/84/2/374https://doaj.org/toc/0273-1223https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9732Cephalexin (CEX) is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals. However, it is also a micropollutant. Thus, this study evaluated the degradation of CEX using ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) and analyzed the by-products as well as their residual antimicrobial activity. A reactor with a mercury vapor lamp was used for the degradation. Irradiated CEX solutions were collected over a period of 4 hours and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. For the residual antimicrobial activity the susceptibility test was performed using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli microorganisms by broth microdilution. It was found that CEX, after treatment, generated a metabolite with a mass of 150 m/z in 15 min. A four- and eightfold increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration of the drug against S. aureus and E. coli could be observed, respectively, after 20 min. Therefore, this treatment proved to be effective in the degradation of CEX, being able to degrade 81% of the initial molecule of the drug in 20 min. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the CEX solution decreased as the irradiation time increased, indicating loss of antimicrobial function of the initial CEX molecule and the resulting by-products. HIGHLIGHTS Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin.; Metabolites analyzed and residual antimicrobial activity.; Water treatment with irradiation.; Antimicrobial activity using susceptibility test.;Sabrina Grando CordeiroRafaela ZiemYtan Andreine SchweizerBruna CostaDaniel KuhnPeterson HaasAni Caroline WeberDaiane HeidrichEduardo Miranda EthurClarice SteffensLucélia HoehneIWA Publishingarticlecephalexinmicropollutantsminimum inhibitory concentrationuv-c treatmentEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science and Technology, Vol 84, Iss 2, Pp 374-383 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cephalexin micropollutants minimum inhibitory concentration uv-c treatment Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	cephalexin micropollutants minimum inhibitory concentration uv-c treatment Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Sabrina Grando Cordeiro Rafaela Ziem Ytan Andreine Schweizer Bruna Costa Daniel Kuhn Peterson Haas Ani Caroline Weber Daiane Heidrich Eduardo Miranda Ethur Clarice Steffens Lucélia Hoehne Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products
description	Cephalexin (CEX) is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals. However, it is also a micropollutant. Thus, this study evaluated the degradation of CEX using ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) and analyzed the by-products as well as their residual antimicrobial activity. A reactor with a mercury vapor lamp was used for the degradation. Irradiated CEX solutions were collected over a period of 4 hours and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. For the residual antimicrobial activity the susceptibility test was performed using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli microorganisms by broth microdilution. It was found that CEX, after treatment, generated a metabolite with a mass of 150 m/z in 15 min. A four- and eightfold increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration of the drug against S. aureus and E. coli could be observed, respectively, after 20 min. Therefore, this treatment proved to be effective in the degradation of CEX, being able to degrade 81% of the initial molecule of the drug in 20 min. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the CEX solution decreased as the irradiation time increased, indicating loss of antimicrobial function of the initial CEX molecule and the resulting by-products. HIGHLIGHTS Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin.; Metabolites analyzed and residual antimicrobial activity.; Water treatment with irradiation.; Antimicrobial activity using susceptibility test.;
format	article
author	Sabrina Grando Cordeiro Rafaela Ziem Ytan Andreine Schweizer Bruna Costa Daniel Kuhn Peterson Haas Ani Caroline Weber Daiane Heidrich Eduardo Miranda Ethur Clarice Steffens Lucélia Hoehne
author_facet	Sabrina Grando Cordeiro Rafaela Ziem Ytan Andreine Schweizer Bruna Costa Daniel Kuhn Peterson Haas Ani Caroline Weber Daiane Heidrich Eduardo Miranda Ethur Clarice Steffens Lucélia Hoehne
author_sort	Sabrina Grando Cordeiro
title	Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products
title_short	Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products
title_full	Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products
title_fullStr	Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products
title_full_unstemmed	Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products
title_sort	degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (uv) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1886d92d1e5940dc9c0eb99daf504178
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Degradation of micropollutant cephalexin by ultraviolet (UV) and assessment of residual antimicrobial activity of transformation products

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