Intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers

ABSTRACT: In order to investigate the effect of intermittent mild cold stimulation (IMCS) on immune function of spleens and adaptability to cold stress in broilers, 400 healthy 1-day-old Ross-308 chickens were divided into 5 groups: CC (control) reared in normal thermal environment from 1 to 49 d; C...

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Autores principales:	Ge Xue, Jingwen Yin, Ning Zhao, Yanhong Liu, Yajie Fu, Runxiang Zhang, Jun Bao, Jianhong Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	broiler spleen immune regulation cold adaptation heat shock protein Animal culture SF1-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/189841334e7b4100b40ebf51e79570b9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:189841334e7b4100b40ebf51e79570b92021-11-24T04:22:28ZIntermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers0032-579110.1016/j.psj.2021.101492https://doaj.org/article/189841334e7b4100b40ebf51e79570b92021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579121005149https://doaj.org/toc/0032-5791ABSTRACT: In order to investigate the effect of intermittent mild cold stimulation (IMCS) on immune function of spleens and adaptability to cold stress in broilers, 400 healthy 1-day-old Ross-308 chickens were divided into 5 groups: CC (control) reared in normal thermal environment from 1 to 49 d; CS3, CS4, CS5, and CS6 (treatments) raised at 3°C below the temperature of CC for 3, 4, 5, or 6 h at 1-d intervals from 15 to 35 d, respectively. Subsequently, CS3-6 was raised at 20°C from 36 to 49 d. At 50 d, all groups were exposed to acute cold stress (ACS) for 12 h. The spleen immunity index at 22, 29, 36, 43, and 49 d, expression levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs), cytokines and immunoglobulins at 22, 43, and 49 d and heat shock proteins (HSPs) before and after ACS at 50 d were examined. The spleen index of broilers aged 22 to 49 d did not differ between CS and CC (P > 0.05), and the spleen index of CS5 was higher than that of CS3 at 49 d (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of TLR5, TLR15, TLR21, and IL-2 in CS3, TLR3, TLR4, TLR15, TLR21, IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-ϒ in CS4, TLR1, TLR3, TLR4, TLR21, IL-2, IFN-a, IFN-ϒ, IgA, and IgG in CS6, but all TLRs, immunoglobulins and cytokines except IFN-ϒ in CS5 differential expressed stably compared with CC at 43 and 49 d (P < 0.05). Compared with Pre-ACS, the mRNA levels of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 were upregulated in CS after ACS (P < 0.05). Except for HSP90 mRNA and HSP70 protein in CS6, and HSP90 protein in CS3, the levels of HSPs after ACS in all treatment groups were higher than those in CC (P < 0.05), and the highest HSPs levels after ACS were found in CS5. We concluded that IMCS could enhance immunity of spleens and adaptability to ACS in broilers, besides CS5 was the optimal program.Ge XueJingwen YinNing ZhaoYanhong LiuYajie FuRunxiang ZhangJun BaoJianhong LiElsevierarticlebroiler spleenimmune regulationcold adaptationheat shock proteinAnimal cultureSF1-1100ENPoultry Science, Vol 100, Iss 12, Pp 101492- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	broiler spleen immune regulation cold adaptation heat shock protein Animal culture SF1-1100
spellingShingle	broiler spleen immune regulation cold adaptation heat shock protein Animal culture SF1-1100 Ge Xue Jingwen Yin Ning Zhao Yanhong Liu Yajie Fu Runxiang Zhang Jun Bao Jianhong Li Intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers
description	ABSTRACT: In order to investigate the effect of intermittent mild cold stimulation (IMCS) on immune function of spleens and adaptability to cold stress in broilers, 400 healthy 1-day-old Ross-308 chickens were divided into 5 groups: CC (control) reared in normal thermal environment from 1 to 49 d; CS3, CS4, CS5, and CS6 (treatments) raised at 3°C below the temperature of CC for 3, 4, 5, or 6 h at 1-d intervals from 15 to 35 d, respectively. Subsequently, CS3-6 was raised at 20°C from 36 to 49 d. At 50 d, all groups were exposed to acute cold stress (ACS) for 12 h. The spleen immunity index at 22, 29, 36, 43, and 49 d, expression levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs), cytokines and immunoglobulins at 22, 43, and 49 d and heat shock proteins (HSPs) before and after ACS at 50 d were examined. The spleen index of broilers aged 22 to 49 d did not differ between CS and CC (P > 0.05), and the spleen index of CS5 was higher than that of CS3 at 49 d (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of TLR5, TLR15, TLR21, and IL-2 in CS3, TLR3, TLR4, TLR15, TLR21, IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-ϒ in CS4, TLR1, TLR3, TLR4, TLR21, IL-2, IFN-a, IFN-ϒ, IgA, and IgG in CS6, but all TLRs, immunoglobulins and cytokines except IFN-ϒ in CS5 differential expressed stably compared with CC at 43 and 49 d (P < 0.05). Compared with Pre-ACS, the mRNA levels of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 were upregulated in CS after ACS (P < 0.05). Except for HSP90 mRNA and HSP70 protein in CS6, and HSP90 protein in CS3, the levels of HSPs after ACS in all treatment groups were higher than those in CC (P < 0.05), and the highest HSPs levels after ACS were found in CS5. We concluded that IMCS could enhance immunity of spleens and adaptability to ACS in broilers, besides CS5 was the optimal program.
format	article
author	Ge Xue Jingwen Yin Ning Zhao Yanhong Liu Yajie Fu Runxiang Zhang Jun Bao Jianhong Li
author_facet	Ge Xue Jingwen Yin Ning Zhao Yanhong Liu Yajie Fu Runxiang Zhang Jun Bao Jianhong Li
author_sort	Ge Xue
title	Intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers
title_short	Intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers
title_full	Intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers
title_fullStr	Intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers
title_full_unstemmed	Intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers
title_sort	intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/189841334e7b4100b40ebf51e79570b9
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Intermittent mild cold stimulation improves the immunity and cold resistance of spleens in broilers

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