The origin of the word mazija ‘steel’
The word mazija ‘steel; forging ingot; a kind of ordeal which required plucking red-hot iron from a cauldron of boiling water’ is common in the western part of the Shtokavian dialect continuum. Its area includes the Zeta-Raška, the Eastern Herzegovinian and the Younger Ikavian dialect, the...
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN RU SR |
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Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Institute for the Serbian Language, Belgrade
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/18ba8e4e883d473b85db8f78ec0e86aa |
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| Sumario: | The word mazija ‘steel; forging ingot; a kind of ordeal which required
plucking red-hot iron from a cauldron of boiling water’ is common in the
western part of the Shtokavian dialect continuum. Its area includes the
Zeta-Raška, the Eastern Herzegovinian and the Younger Ikavian dialect, the
first of the Old Shtokavian and the other two of the Neo-Shtokavian type.
There are no attestations of this word earlier than the first half of the
18th century. So far, it has been mainly believed to share a common origin
with the homonymous mazija ‘oak gall’ from Turkish mazı id. This stance is
hardly acceptable in view of the fact that not only the meanings of the two
words but also their geographical distributions strongly diverge, mazija in
the oak gall sense being limited to the Kosovo-Resava and Timok-Prizren
dialect areas of southern Serbia. The comparison with French mazée ‘refined
iron’, is even more doubtful, because this term has been attested only since
1824 and with no known etymology, The true origin of màzija < mazȉja
(gvožđa) should be sought in the late Greek (5th century AD) μαζί(ο)ν τοῦ
σιδήρου ‘iron mass shaped by a blacksmith’; the plural form μαζία σιδήρου
occurs in a Greek charter issued in 1347 by the Serbian tsar Dušan to the
Great Lavra on Mt Athos. Curiously enough, in two Serbian founding charters
of the same epoch there is a parallel passage where among other yearly
incomes granted to the monastery iron ingots are mentioned, designated here
by the gen. pl. nad'('), with complements gvozd(i)ja ‘of iron’ and měr’nyh'
‘of a standard weight’. The term is Slavic nada or nado, derivative from |
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