HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman

Objectives: We sought to investigate the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women and the maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes over 13 years (2005–2017) at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Muscat, Oman. Methods: Our study design was a retrospective descriptive cross-secti...

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Autores principales:	Nada Ali Salim Al Hasani, Tamima Al Dughaishi, Abdullah A. Balkhair
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Oman Medical Specialty Board 2021
Materias:	infant newborn pregnancy cross-sectional studies infectious disease transmission vertical hiv pregnant women obstetrics oman Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/18c1e523b3e8400bba8c2d616be39566
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:18c1e523b3e8400bba8c2d616be395662021-11-30T10:03:56ZHIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman10.5001/omj.2021.1111999-768X2070-5204https://doaj.org/article/18c1e523b3e8400bba8c2d616be395662021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://omjournal.org/articleDetails.aspx?coType=1&aId=3030https://doaj.org/toc/1999-768Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2070-5204Objectives: We sought to investigate the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women and the maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes over 13 years (2005–2017) at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Muscat, Oman. Methods: Our study design was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of HIV-positive women in the department of obstetrics and gynecology. We had an unlimited sample size due to the rarity of the disease. We aimed to include all pregnant Omani women who tested positive for HIV in their antenatal screening from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2017. The patient records were reviewed using the hospital information system service. Results: There were a total of 13 688 women with 104 281 pregnancies over the study period. The prevalence of Omani pregnant women with HIV was 0.1% (1:1000) with 0.03% of seropositive pregnancies (3:10 000). Of these seropositive pregnancies, 78.6% were known HIV carriers, while 21.4% were newly diagnosed cases. The live birth rate was 90.3%, with 9.7% resulting in miscarriage. All the miscarriages were to known HIV-positive mothers who were managed in accordance with international guidelines. Of the live births, 10.7% were unknown HIV-positive mothers with a mean gestational age of 39.67 weeks and a mean birth weight of 3.2 kg. The rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in this group was 33.3%. In contrast, 89.3% of the live births to known HIV-positive mothers delivered neonates with a mean gestational age of 37.4 weeks and a mean birth weight of 2.6 kg with 0.0% MTCT. Modes of delivery, antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum complications as well as long-term neonatal outcomes were analyzed according to the status of the mother at first presentation. Conclusions: Strategies have been placed by programs in Oman to focus on the wellbeing of pregnant women and the protection of newborns against HIV infection. Strict implementations on preventing MTCT allowed preventing HIV in children possible. Antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces vertical transmission of HIV, in addition to abstinence of breastfeeding. More importantly, all HIV-positive pregnant women should follow the prevention of MTCT programs set out by the Ministry of Health.Nada Ali Salim Al HasaniTamima Al DughaishiAbdullah A. BalkhairOman Medical Specialty Boardarticleinfantnewbornpregnancycross-sectional studiesinfectious disease transmissionverticalhivpregnant womenobstetricsomanMedicineRENOman Medical Journal, Vol 36, Iss 6, Pp e321-321 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	infant newborn pregnancy cross-sectional studies infectious disease transmission vertical hiv pregnant women obstetrics oman Medicine R
spellingShingle	infant newborn pregnancy cross-sectional studies infectious disease transmission vertical hiv pregnant women obstetrics oman Medicine R Nada Ali Salim Al Hasani Tamima Al Dughaishi Abdullah A. Balkhair HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman
description	Objectives: We sought to investigate the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women and the maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes over 13 years (2005–2017) at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Muscat, Oman. Methods: Our study design was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of HIV-positive women in the department of obstetrics and gynecology. We had an unlimited sample size due to the rarity of the disease. We aimed to include all pregnant Omani women who tested positive for HIV in their antenatal screening from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2017. The patient records were reviewed using the hospital information system service. Results: There were a total of 13 688 women with 104 281 pregnancies over the study period. The prevalence of Omani pregnant women with HIV was 0.1% (1:1000) with 0.03% of seropositive pregnancies (3:10 000). Of these seropositive pregnancies, 78.6% were known HIV carriers, while 21.4% were newly diagnosed cases. The live birth rate was 90.3%, with 9.7% resulting in miscarriage. All the miscarriages were to known HIV-positive mothers who were managed in accordance with international guidelines. Of the live births, 10.7% were unknown HIV-positive mothers with a mean gestational age of 39.67 weeks and a mean birth weight of 3.2 kg. The rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in this group was 33.3%. In contrast, 89.3% of the live births to known HIV-positive mothers delivered neonates with a mean gestational age of 37.4 weeks and a mean birth weight of 2.6 kg with 0.0% MTCT. Modes of delivery, antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum complications as well as long-term neonatal outcomes were analyzed according to the status of the mother at first presentation. Conclusions: Strategies have been placed by programs in Oman to focus on the wellbeing of pregnant women and the protection of newborns against HIV infection. Strict implementations on preventing MTCT allowed preventing HIV in children possible. Antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces vertical transmission of HIV, in addition to abstinence of breastfeeding. More importantly, all HIV-positive pregnant women should follow the prevention of MTCT programs set out by the Ministry of Health.
format	article
author	Nada Ali Salim Al Hasani Tamima Al Dughaishi Abdullah A. Balkhair
author_facet	Nada Ali Salim Al Hasani Tamima Al Dughaishi Abdullah A. Balkhair
author_sort	Nada Ali Salim Al Hasani
title	HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman
title_short	HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman
title_full	HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman
title_fullStr	HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman
title_full_unstemmed	HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman
title_sort	hiv and pregnancy: a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of prevalence, maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcome at a tertiary care hospital in oman
publisher	Oman Medical Specialty Board
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/18c1e523b3e8400bba8c2d616be39566
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HIV and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence, Maternal, Obstetrical, and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman

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