Causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana

Objectives A growing literature highlights the intergenerational transmission of human capital from parents to children. However, far less is known about ‘upward transmission’ from children to parents. In this study, we use a 1996 Botswana education policy reform as a natural experiment to identify...

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Autores principales:	Jacob Bor, Jan-Walter De Neve, Jan Ole Ludwig
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMJ Publishing Group 2021
Materias:	Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/18e96dbce27b4b83b3c18f7404fc7583
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:18e96dbce27b4b83b3c18f7404fc75832021-11-23T05:00:05ZCausal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana10.1136/bmjopen-2020-0432472044-6055https://doaj.org/article/18e96dbce27b4b83b3c18f7404fc75832021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/1/e043247.fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2044-6055Objectives A growing literature highlights the intergenerational transmission of human capital from parents to children. However, far less is known about ‘upward transmission’ from children to parents. In this study, we use a 1996 Botswana education policy reform as a natural experiment to identify the causal effect of children’s secondary schooling on their parents’ health.Setting Botswana’s decennial census (2001 and 2011). Data were obtained through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series and are 10% random samples of the complete population in each of these census years.Participants Survey respondents who were citizens born in Botswana, at least 18 years old at the time of the census and born in or after 1975 (n=89 721).Primary and secondary outcome measures Parental survival and disability at the time of the census, separately for mothers and fathers.Results The 1996 reform caused a large increase in grade 10 enrolment, inducing an additional 0.4 years of schooling for the first cohorts affected (95% CI 0.3 to 0.5, p<0.001). The reform, however, had no effect on parental survival and disability by the time exposed child cohorts reach age 30. Results were robust to a wide array of sensitivity analyses.Conclusions This study found little evidence that parents’ survival and disability were affected by their offspring’s educational attainment in Botswana. Parents’ health may not be necessarily affected by increasing their offspring’s educational attainment.Jacob BorJan-Walter De NeveJan Ole LudwigBMJ Publishing GrouparticleMedicineRENBMJ Open, Vol 11, Iss 1 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R
spellingShingle	Medicine R Jacob Bor Jan-Walter De Neve Jan Ole Ludwig Causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana
description	Objectives A growing literature highlights the intergenerational transmission of human capital from parents to children. However, far less is known about ‘upward transmission’ from children to parents. In this study, we use a 1996 Botswana education policy reform as a natural experiment to identify the causal effect of children’s secondary schooling on their parents’ health.Setting Botswana’s decennial census (2001 and 2011). Data were obtained through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series and are 10% random samples of the complete population in each of these census years.Participants Survey respondents who were citizens born in Botswana, at least 18 years old at the time of the census and born in or after 1975 (n=89 721).Primary and secondary outcome measures Parental survival and disability at the time of the census, separately for mothers and fathers.Results The 1996 reform caused a large increase in grade 10 enrolment, inducing an additional 0.4 years of schooling for the first cohorts affected (95% CI 0.3 to 0.5, p<0.001). The reform, however, had no effect on parental survival and disability by the time exposed child cohorts reach age 30. Results were robust to a wide array of sensitivity analyses.Conclusions This study found little evidence that parents’ survival and disability were affected by their offspring’s educational attainment in Botswana. Parents’ health may not be necessarily affected by increasing their offspring’s educational attainment.
format	article
author	Jacob Bor Jan-Walter De Neve Jan Ole Ludwig
author_facet	Jacob Bor Jan-Walter De Neve Jan Ole Ludwig
author_sort	Jacob Bor
title	Causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana
title_short	Causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana
title_full	Causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana
title_fullStr	Causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana
title_full_unstemmed	Causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana
title_sort	causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in botswana
publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/18e96dbce27b4b83b3c18f7404fc7583
work_keys_str_mv	AT jacobbor causaleffectofchildrenssecondaryeducationonparentalhealthoutcomesfindingsfromanaturalexperimentinbotswana AT janwalterdeneve causaleffectofchildrenssecondaryeducationonparentalhealthoutcomesfindingsfromanaturalexperimentinbotswana AT janoleludwig causaleffectofchildrenssecondaryeducationonparentalhealthoutcomesfindingsfromanaturalexperimentinbotswana
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Causal effect of children’s secondary education on parental health outcomes: findings from a natural experiment in Botswana

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