Hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines

ABSTRACT Cholera continues to be a global threat, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In 2011, a cholera outbreak occurred in Palawan, Philippines, affecting more than 500 people, and 20 individuals died. Vibrio cholerae O1 was confirmed as the etiological agent. Source attribution is critic...

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Autores principales:	David C. Klinzing, Seon Young Choi, Nur A. Hasan, Ronald R. Matias, Enrique Tayag, Josefina Geronimo, Evan Skowronski, Shah M. Rashed, Kent Kawashima, C. Nicole Rosenzweig, Henry S. Gibbons, Brian C. Torres, Veni Liles, Alicia C. Alfon, Maria Luisa Juan, Filipinas F. Natividad, Thomas A. Cebula, Rita R. Colwell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2015
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/191ea8f099ed4e759b76274ad3ee8903
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:191ea8f099ed4e759b76274ad3ee89032021-11-15T15:41:33ZHybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines10.1128/mBio.00047-152150-7511https://doaj.org/article/191ea8f099ed4e759b76274ad3ee89032015-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00047-15https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Cholera continues to be a global threat, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In 2011, a cholera outbreak occurred in Palawan, Philippines, affecting more than 500 people, and 20 individuals died. Vibrio cholerae O1 was confirmed as the etiological agent. Source attribution is critical in cholera outbreaks for proper management of the disease, as well as to control spread. In this study, three V. cholerae O1 isolates from a Philippines cholera outbreak were sequenced and their genomes analyzed to determine phylogenetic relatedness to V. cholerae O1 isolates from recent outbreaks of cholera elsewhere. The Philippines V. cholerae O1 isolates were determined to be V. cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor belonging to the seventh-pandemic clade. They clustered tightly, forming a monophyletic clade closely related to V. cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor from Asia and Africa. The isolates possess a unique multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) genotype (12-7-9-18-25 and 12-7-10-14-21) and lack SXT. In addition, they possess a novel 15-kb genomic island (GI-119) containing a predicted type I restriction-modification system. The CTXΦ-RS1 array of the Philippines isolates was similar to that of V. cholerae O1 MG116926, a hybrid El Tor strain isolated in Bangladesh in 1991. Overall, the data indicate that the Philippines V. cholerae O1 isolates are unique, differing from recent V. cholerae O1 isolates from Asia, Africa, and Haiti. Furthermore, the results of this study support the hypothesis that the Philippines isolates of V. cholerae O1 are indigenous and exist locally in the aquatic ecosystem of the Philippines. IMPORTANCE Genetic characterization and phylogenomics analysis of outbreak strains have proven to be critical for probing clonal relatedness to strains isolated in different geographical regions and over time. Recently, extensive genetic analyses of V. cholerae O1 strains isolated in different countries have been done. However, genome sequences of V. cholerae O1 isolates from the Philippines have not been available for epidemiological investigation. In this study, molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis of Vibrio cholerae isolated from both clinical and environmental samples in 2011 confirmed unique genetic features of the Philippines isolates, which are helpful to understand the global epidemiology of cholera.David C. KlinzingSeon Young ChoiNur A. HasanRonald R. MatiasEnrique TayagJosefina GeronimoEvan SkowronskiShah M. RashedKent KawashimaC. Nicole RosenzweigHenry S. GibbonsBrian C. TorresVeni LilesAlicia C. AlfonMaria Luisa JuanFilipinas F. NatividadThomas A. CebulaRita R. ColwellAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 6, Iss 2 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 David C. Klinzing Seon Young Choi Nur A. Hasan Ronald R. Matias Enrique Tayag Josefina Geronimo Evan Skowronski Shah M. Rashed Kent Kawashima C. Nicole Rosenzweig Henry S. Gibbons Brian C. Torres Veni Liles Alicia C. Alfon Maria Luisa Juan Filipinas F. Natividad Thomas A. Cebula Rita R. Colwell Hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines
description	ABSTRACT Cholera continues to be a global threat, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In 2011, a cholera outbreak occurred in Palawan, Philippines, affecting more than 500 people, and 20 individuals died. Vibrio cholerae O1 was confirmed as the etiological agent. Source attribution is critical in cholera outbreaks for proper management of the disease, as well as to control spread. In this study, three V. cholerae O1 isolates from a Philippines cholera outbreak were sequenced and their genomes analyzed to determine phylogenetic relatedness to V. cholerae O1 isolates from recent outbreaks of cholera elsewhere. The Philippines V. cholerae O1 isolates were determined to be V. cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor belonging to the seventh-pandemic clade. They clustered tightly, forming a monophyletic clade closely related to V. cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor from Asia and Africa. The isolates possess a unique multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) genotype (12-7-9-18-25 and 12-7-10-14-21) and lack SXT. In addition, they possess a novel 15-kb genomic island (GI-119) containing a predicted type I restriction-modification system. The CTXΦ-RS1 array of the Philippines isolates was similar to that of V. cholerae O1 MG116926, a hybrid El Tor strain isolated in Bangladesh in 1991. Overall, the data indicate that the Philippines V. cholerae O1 isolates are unique, differing from recent V. cholerae O1 isolates from Asia, Africa, and Haiti. Furthermore, the results of this study support the hypothesis that the Philippines isolates of V. cholerae O1 are indigenous and exist locally in the aquatic ecosystem of the Philippines. IMPORTANCE Genetic characterization and phylogenomics analysis of outbreak strains have proven to be critical for probing clonal relatedness to strains isolated in different geographical regions and over time. Recently, extensive genetic analyses of V. cholerae O1 strains isolated in different countries have been done. However, genome sequences of V. cholerae O1 isolates from the Philippines have not been available for epidemiological investigation. In this study, molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis of Vibrio cholerae isolated from both clinical and environmental samples in 2011 confirmed unique genetic features of the Philippines isolates, which are helpful to understand the global epidemiology of cholera.
format	article
author	David C. Klinzing Seon Young Choi Nur A. Hasan Ronald R. Matias Enrique Tayag Josefina Geronimo Evan Skowronski Shah M. Rashed Kent Kawashima C. Nicole Rosenzweig Henry S. Gibbons Brian C. Torres Veni Liles Alicia C. Alfon Maria Luisa Juan Filipinas F. Natividad Thomas A. Cebula Rita R. Colwell
author_facet	David C. Klinzing Seon Young Choi Nur A. Hasan Ronald R. Matias Enrique Tayag Josefina Geronimo Evan Skowronski Shah M. Rashed Kent Kawashima C. Nicole Rosenzweig Henry S. Gibbons Brian C. Torres Veni Liles Alicia C. Alfon Maria Luisa Juan Filipinas F. Natividad Thomas A. Cebula Rita R. Colwell
author_sort	David C. Klinzing
title	Hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines
title_short	Hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines
title_full	Hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines
title_fullStr	Hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines
title_full_unstemmed	Hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines
title_sort	hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">vibrio cholerae</named-content> el tor lacking sxt identified as the cause of a cholera outbreak in the philippines
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/191ea8f099ed4e759b76274ad3ee8903
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Hybrid <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio cholerae</named-content> El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines

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