Internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming

Abstract Observations show ocean temperatures are rising due to climate change, resulting in a fivefold increase in the incidence of regional-scale coral bleaching events since the 1980s; analyses based on global climate models forecast bleaching will become an annual event for most of the world’s c...

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Autores principales:	Curt D. Storlazzi, Olivia M. Cheriton, Ruben van Hooidonk, Zhongxiang Zhao, Russell Brainard
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1962ddcba3d14adba61ed29dd3214ea5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1962ddcba3d14adba61ed29dd3214ea52021-12-02T18:50:49ZInternal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming10.1038/s41598-020-70372-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1962ddcba3d14adba61ed29dd3214ea52020-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70372-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Observations show ocean temperatures are rising due to climate change, resulting in a fivefold increase in the incidence of regional-scale coral bleaching events since the 1980s; analyses based on global climate models forecast bleaching will become an annual event for most of the world’s coral reefs within 30–50 yr. Internal waves at tidal frequencies can regularly flush reefs with cooler waters, buffering the thermal stress from rising sea-surface temperatures. Here we present the first global maps of the effects these processes have on bleaching projections for three IPCC-AR5 emissions scenarios. Incorporating semidiurnal temperature fluctuations into the projected water temperatures at depth creates a delay in the timing of annual severe bleaching ≥ 10 yr (≥ 20 yr) for 38% (9%), 15% (1%), and 1% (0%) of coral reef sites for the low, moderate, and high emission scenarios, respectively; regional averages can reach twice as high. These cooling effects are greatest later in twenty-first century for the moderate emission scenarios, and around the middle twenty-first century for the highest emission scenario. Our results demonstrate how these effects could delay bleaching for corals, providing thermal refugia. Identification of such areas could be a factor for the selection of coral reef marine protected areas.Curt D. StorlazziOlivia M. CheritonRuben van HooidonkZhongxiang ZhaoRussell BrainardNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Curt D. Storlazzi Olivia M. Cheriton Ruben van Hooidonk Zhongxiang Zhao Russell Brainard Internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming
description	Abstract Observations show ocean temperatures are rising due to climate change, resulting in a fivefold increase in the incidence of regional-scale coral bleaching events since the 1980s; analyses based on global climate models forecast bleaching will become an annual event for most of the world’s coral reefs within 30–50 yr. Internal waves at tidal frequencies can regularly flush reefs with cooler waters, buffering the thermal stress from rising sea-surface temperatures. Here we present the first global maps of the effects these processes have on bleaching projections for three IPCC-AR5 emissions scenarios. Incorporating semidiurnal temperature fluctuations into the projected water temperatures at depth creates a delay in the timing of annual severe bleaching ≥ 10 yr (≥ 20 yr) for 38% (9%), 15% (1%), and 1% (0%) of coral reef sites for the low, moderate, and high emission scenarios, respectively; regional averages can reach twice as high. These cooling effects are greatest later in twenty-first century for the moderate emission scenarios, and around the middle twenty-first century for the highest emission scenario. Our results demonstrate how these effects could delay bleaching for corals, providing thermal refugia. Identification of such areas could be a factor for the selection of coral reef marine protected areas.
format	article
author	Curt D. Storlazzi Olivia M. Cheriton Ruben van Hooidonk Zhongxiang Zhao Russell Brainard
author_facet	Curt D. Storlazzi Olivia M. Cheriton Ruben van Hooidonk Zhongxiang Zhao Russell Brainard
author_sort	Curt D. Storlazzi
title	Internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming
title_short	Internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming
title_full	Internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming
title_fullStr	Internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming
title_full_unstemmed	Internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming
title_sort	internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/1962ddcba3d14adba61ed29dd3214ea5
work_keys_str_mv	AT curtdstorlazzi internaltidescanprovidethermalrefugiathatwillbuffersomecoralreefsfromfutureglobalwarming AT oliviamcheriton internaltidescanprovidethermalrefugiathatwillbuffersomecoralreefsfromfutureglobalwarming AT rubenvanhooidonk internaltidescanprovidethermalrefugiathatwillbuffersomecoralreefsfromfutureglobalwarming AT zhongxiangzhao internaltidescanprovidethermalrefugiathatwillbuffersomecoralreefsfromfutureglobalwarming AT russellbrainard internaltidescanprovidethermalrefugiathatwillbuffersomecoralreefsfromfutureglobalwarming
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Internal tides can provide thermal refugia that will buffer some coral reefs from future global warming

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