Hygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador

Hygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador

The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship among hygienic behavior (HB), <i>Varroa destructor</i> infestation, and honey production in the central highlands of Ecuador. Overall, 75 honey bee colonies were evaluated before, during, and after production at three altitude leve...

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Autores principales: Diego Masaquiza, Junior Vargas, Nelsón Ortíz, Rodrigo Salazar, Lino Curbelo, Anisley Pérez, Amilcar Arenal
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
hygienic behavior
<i>Apis mellifera</i>
<i>Varroa destructor</i>
infestation rates
production
honey
Science
Q
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/1969adcbad094eb6853fda4065aea446
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:1969adcbad094eb6853fda4065aea4462021-11-25T17:59:08ZHygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador10.3390/insects121109662075-4450https://doaj.org/article/1969adcbad094eb6853fda4065aea4462021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/11/966https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4450The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship among hygienic behavior (HB), <i>Varroa destructor</i> infestation, and honey production in the central highlands of Ecuador. Overall, 75 honey bee colonies were evaluated before, during, and after production at three altitude levels (2600–2800, 2801–3000, and >3000 m.a.s.l.). The hygienic behavior percentage of the colonies was determined by the pin-killing method, and the colonies were classified into three groups: high HB (>85%), mid HB (60.1–85%), and low HB (≤60%). <i>Varroa</i> infestation was diagnosed as well, and honey production was evaluated only during production. HB was high and heterogeneous, averaging 80% ± 9.7%. Its highest expression was observed at lower altitudes. The infestation degree was low (3.47% ± 1.56%), although the mite was detected in all colonies upon sampling. A negative correlation was observed between HB and <i>Varroa</i> infestation in the first sampling (−0.49 **), suggesting that the high- and mid-altitude HB colonies underwent the lowest infestation rates, regardless of sampling. The correlations between HB and production were significant (0.26 *), indicating a positive effect of HB on production, meaning that colonies with high HB obtained the highest honey production (25.08 ± 4.82 kg/hive). The HB of bees showed an inverse relationship with altitude and it tended to reduce the effect of <i>Varroa</i> infestation, favoring honey production and, thus, suggesting the feasibility of selecting colonies with high HB.Diego MasaquizaJunior VargasNelsón OrtízRodrigo SalazarLino CurbeloAnisley PérezAmilcar ArenalMDPI AGarticlehygienic behavior<i>Apis mellifera</i><i>Varroa destructor</i>infestation ratesproductionhoneyScienceQENInsects, Vol 12, Iss 966, p 966 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic hygienic behavior
<i>Apis mellifera</i>
<i>Varroa destructor</i>
infestation rates
production
honey
Science
Q
spellingShingle hygienic behavior
<i>Apis mellifera</i>
<i>Varroa destructor</i>
infestation rates
production
honey
Science
Q
Diego Masaquiza
Junior Vargas
Nelsón Ortíz
Rodrigo Salazar
Lino Curbelo
Anisley Pérez
Amilcar Arenal
Hygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador
description The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship among hygienic behavior (HB), <i>Varroa destructor</i> infestation, and honey production in the central highlands of Ecuador. Overall, 75 honey bee colonies were evaluated before, during, and after production at three altitude levels (2600–2800, 2801–3000, and >3000 m.a.s.l.). The hygienic behavior percentage of the colonies was determined by the pin-killing method, and the colonies were classified into three groups: high HB (>85%), mid HB (60.1–85%), and low HB (≤60%). <i>Varroa</i> infestation was diagnosed as well, and honey production was evaluated only during production. HB was high and heterogeneous, averaging 80% ± 9.7%. Its highest expression was observed at lower altitudes. The infestation degree was low (3.47% ± 1.56%), although the mite was detected in all colonies upon sampling. A negative correlation was observed between HB and <i>Varroa</i> infestation in the first sampling (−0.49 **), suggesting that the high- and mid-altitude HB colonies underwent the lowest infestation rates, regardless of sampling. The correlations between HB and production were significant (0.26 *), indicating a positive effect of HB on production, meaning that colonies with high HB obtained the highest honey production (25.08 ± 4.82 kg/hive). The HB of bees showed an inverse relationship with altitude and it tended to reduce the effect of <i>Varroa</i> infestation, favoring honey production and, thus, suggesting the feasibility of selecting colonies with high HB.
format article
author Diego Masaquiza
Junior Vargas
Nelsón Ortíz
Rodrigo Salazar
Lino Curbelo
Anisley Pérez
Amilcar Arenal
author_facet Diego Masaquiza
Junior Vargas
Nelsón Ortíz
Rodrigo Salazar
Lino Curbelo
Anisley Pérez
Amilcar Arenal
author_sort Diego Masaquiza
title Hygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador
title_short Hygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador
title_full Hygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador
title_fullStr Hygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador
title_full_unstemmed Hygienic Behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and Its Relationship with <i>Varroa destructor</i> Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador
title_sort hygienic behavior of <i>apis mellifera</i> and its relationship with <i>varroa destructor</i> infestation and honey production in the central highlands of ecuador
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/1969adcbad094eb6853fda4065aea446
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