Development and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale

Abstract Objective Self‐stigma is the internalization of negative public attitudes and is often experienced by patients with epilepsy (PWE). Greater self‐stigma is associated with lower self‐esteem and hinders therapeutic behavior. The study aims were to develop the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale (ESSS)...

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Autores principales:	Izumi Kuramochi, Takayuki Iwayama, Naoshi Horikawa, Sakie Shimotsu, Satsuki Watanabe, Hideo Yamanouchi, Haruo Yoshimasu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	epilepsy patients with epilepsy scale seizure self‐stigma Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/198d2cad7a4940e59c4c36b53622f24d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:198d2cad7a4940e59c4c36b53622f24d2021-12-01T06:09:19ZDevelopment and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale2470-923910.1002/epi4.12547https://doaj.org/article/198d2cad7a4940e59c4c36b53622f24d2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/epi4.12547https://doaj.org/toc/2470-9239Abstract Objective Self‐stigma is the internalization of negative public attitudes and is often experienced by patients with epilepsy (PWE). Greater self‐stigma is associated with lower self‐esteem and hinders therapeutic behavior. The study aims were to develop the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale (ESSS) to assess self‐stigma in PWE and to examine the scale's reliability and validity. Methods We created a test scale based on items from an existing stigma scale and the results of a previous qualitative analysis we conducted. We recruited 200 outpatients from departments specializing in epilepsy (psychiatry, neurology, and pediatric neurology) at four facilities in Tokyo and Saitama prefecture, Japan, between September and December 2020. Participants also completed the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (RSES) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI‐II). Results Questionnaires were returned from 102 participants (response rate: 51%). After excluding two participants with incomplete questionnaires, data for 100 participants were analyzed (53 women, 47 men; mean age [standard deviation]: 39.86 [17.45] years). Exploratory factor analysis extracted eight items loading on three factors: internalization of stigma, societal incomprehension, and confidentiality. Cronbach's α for all items and each factor demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.76‐0.87). Test‐retest reliability was confirmed using data from 21 participants who completed the scale twice (r = 0.72 to 0.90). ESSS total scores and subscale scores correlated with RSES and BDI‐II scores (r = −0.30 to 0.55). The ESSS demonstrated substantial constructive validity. However, total scores did not significantly correlate with objective physician assessment of self‐stigma. Significance The results showed that the eight‐item ESSS has high reliability and validity. This scale could facilitate the examination of factors associated with self‐stigma in PWE, which could inform the development of effective interventions for reducing stigma.Izumi KuramochiTakayuki IwayamaNaoshi HorikawaSakie ShimotsuSatsuki WatanabeHideo YamanouchiHaruo YoshimasuWileyarticleepilepsypatients with epilepsyscaleseizureself‐stigmaNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENEpilepsia Open, Vol 6, Iss 4, Pp 748-756 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	epilepsy patients with epilepsy scale seizure self‐stigma Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	epilepsy patients with epilepsy scale seizure self‐stigma Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Izumi Kuramochi Takayuki Iwayama Naoshi Horikawa Sakie Shimotsu Satsuki Watanabe Hideo Yamanouchi Haruo Yoshimasu Development and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale
description	Abstract Objective Self‐stigma is the internalization of negative public attitudes and is often experienced by patients with epilepsy (PWE). Greater self‐stigma is associated with lower self‐esteem and hinders therapeutic behavior. The study aims were to develop the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale (ESSS) to assess self‐stigma in PWE and to examine the scale's reliability and validity. Methods We created a test scale based on items from an existing stigma scale and the results of a previous qualitative analysis we conducted. We recruited 200 outpatients from departments specializing in epilepsy (psychiatry, neurology, and pediatric neurology) at four facilities in Tokyo and Saitama prefecture, Japan, between September and December 2020. Participants also completed the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (RSES) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI‐II). Results Questionnaires were returned from 102 participants (response rate: 51%). After excluding two participants with incomplete questionnaires, data for 100 participants were analyzed (53 women, 47 men; mean age [standard deviation]: 39.86 [17.45] years). Exploratory factor analysis extracted eight items loading on three factors: internalization of stigma, societal incomprehension, and confidentiality. Cronbach's α for all items and each factor demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.76‐0.87). Test‐retest reliability was confirmed using data from 21 participants who completed the scale twice (r = 0.72 to 0.90). ESSS total scores and subscale scores correlated with RSES and BDI‐II scores (r = −0.30 to 0.55). The ESSS demonstrated substantial constructive validity. However, total scores did not significantly correlate with objective physician assessment of self‐stigma. Significance The results showed that the eight‐item ESSS has high reliability and validity. This scale could facilitate the examination of factors associated with self‐stigma in PWE, which could inform the development of effective interventions for reducing stigma.
format	article
author	Izumi Kuramochi Takayuki Iwayama Naoshi Horikawa Sakie Shimotsu Satsuki Watanabe Hideo Yamanouchi Haruo Yoshimasu
author_facet	Izumi Kuramochi Takayuki Iwayama Naoshi Horikawa Sakie Shimotsu Satsuki Watanabe Hideo Yamanouchi Haruo Yoshimasu
author_sort	Izumi Kuramochi
title	Development and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale
title_short	Development and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale
title_full	Development and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale
title_fullStr	Development and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale
title_full_unstemmed	Development and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale
title_sort	development and validation of the epilepsy self‐stigma scale
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/198d2cad7a4940e59c4c36b53622f24d
work_keys_str_mv	AT izumikuramochi developmentandvalidationoftheepilepsyselfstigmascale AT takayukiiwayama developmentandvalidationoftheepilepsyselfstigmascale AT naoshihorikawa developmentandvalidationoftheepilepsyselfstigmascale AT sakieshimotsu developmentandvalidationoftheepilepsyselfstigmascale AT satsukiwatanabe developmentandvalidationoftheepilepsyselfstigmascale AT hideoyamanouchi developmentandvalidationoftheepilepsyselfstigmascale AT haruoyoshimasu developmentandvalidationoftheepilepsyselfstigmascale
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Development and validation of the Epilepsy Self‐Stigma Scale

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